libraryofbabel
2 days ago
This is such a lovely balanced thoughtful refreshingly hype-free post to read. 2025 really was the year when things shifted and many first-rate developers (often previously AI skeptics, as Mitchell was) found the tools had actually got good enough that they could incorporate AI agents into their workflows.
It's a shame that AI coding tools have become such a polarizing issue among developers. I understand the reasons, but I wish there had been a smoother path to this future. The early LLMs like GPT-3 could sort of code enough for it to look like there was a lot of potential, and so there was a lot of hype to drum up investment and a lot of promises made that weren't really viable with the tech as it was then. This created a large number of AI skeptics (of whom I was one, for a while) and a whole bunch of cynicism and suspicion and resistance amongst a large swathe of developers. But could it have been different? It seems a lot of transformative new tech is fated to evolve this way. Early aircraft were extremely unreliable and dangerous and not yet worthy of the promises being made about them, but eventually with enough evolution and lessons learned we got the Douglas DC-3, and then in the end the 747.
If you're a developer who still doesn't believe that AI tools are useful, I would recommend you go read Mitchell's post, and give Claude Code a trial run like he did. Try and forget about the annoying hype and the vibe-coding influencers and the noise and just treat it like any new tool you might put through its paces. There are many important conversations about AI to be had, it has plenty of downsides, but a proper discussion begins with close engagement with the tools.
keyle
a day ago
Architects went from drawing everything on paper, to using CAD products over a generation. That's a lot of years! They're still called architects.
Our tooling just had a refresh in less than 3 years and it leaves heads spinning. People are confused, fighting for or against it. Torn even between 2025 to 2026. I know I was.
People need a way to describe it from 'agentic coding' to 'vibe coding' to 'modern AI assisted stack'.
We don't call architects 'vibe architects' even though they copy-paste 4/5th of your next house and use a library of things in their work!
We don't call builders 'vibe builders' for using earth-moving machines instead of a shovel...
When was the last time you reviewed the machine code produced by a compiler? ...
The real issue this industry is facing, is the phenomenal speed of change. But what are we really doing? That's right, programming.
atomicnumber3
a day ago
"When was the last time you reviewed the machine code produced by a compiler?"
Compilers will produce working output given working input literally 100% of my time in my career. I've never personally found a compiler bug.
Meanwhile AI can't be trusted to give me a recipe for potato soup. That is to say, I would under no circumstances blindly follow the output of an LLM I asked to make soup. While I have, every day of my life, gladly sent all of the compiler output to the CPU without ever checking it.
The compiler metaphor is simply incorrect and people trying to say LLMs compile English into code insult compiler devs and English speakers alike.
LiamPowell
a day ago
> Compilers will produce working output given working input literally 100% of my time in my career.
In my experience this isn't true. People just assume their code is wrong and mess with it until they inadvertently do something that works around the bug. I've personally reported 17 bugs in GCC over the last 2 years and there are currently 1241 open wrong-code bugs.
Here's an example of a simple to understand bug (not mine) in the C frontend that has existed since GCC 4.7: https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=105180
grey-area
a day ago
These are still deterministic bugs, which is the point the OP was making. They can be found and solved once. Most of those bugs are simply not that important, so they never get attention.
LLMS on the other hand are non-deterministic and unpredictable and fuzzy by design. That makes them not ideal when trying to produce output which is provably correct - sure you can output and then laboriously check the output - some people find that useful, some are yet to find it useful.
It's a little like using Bitcoin to replace currencies - sure you can do that, but it includes design flaws which make it fundamentally unsuited to doing so. 10 years ago we had rabid defenders of these currencies telling us they would soon take over the global monetary system and replace it, nowadays, not so much.
zx8080
a day ago
> It's a little like using Bitcoin to replace currencies [...]
At least, Bitcoin transactions are deterministic.
Not many would want to use a AI currency (mostly works; always shows "Oh, you are 100% right" after losing one's money).
HappMacDonald
5 hours ago
Bitcoin transactions rely on mining to notarize, which is by design (due to the nature of the proof-of-work system) incredibly non-deterministic.
So when you submit a transaction, there is no hard and fast point in the future when it is "set in stone". Only a geometrically decreasing likelihood over time that a transaction might get overturned, improving by another geometric notch with every confirmed mined block that has notarized your transaction.
A lot of these design principles are compromises to help support an actually zero-trust ledger in contrast to the incumbent centralized-trust banking system, but they definitely disqualify bitcoin transactions as "deterministic" by any stretch of the imagination. They have quite a bit more in common with LLM text generation than one might have otherwise thought.
grey-area
21 hours ago
Sure bitcoin is at least deterministic, but IMO (an that of many in the finance industry) it's solving entirely the wrong problem - in practice people want trust and identity in transactions much more than they want distributed and trustless.
In a similar way LLMs seem to me to be solving the wrong problem - an elegant and interesting solution, but a solution to the wrong problem (how can I fool humans into thinking the bot is generally intelligent), rather than the right problem (how can I create a general intelligence with knowledge of the world). It's not clear to me we can jump from the first to the second.
zx8080
8 hours ago
By eliminating the second one.
throw10920
a day ago
> I've personally reported 17 bugs in GCC over the last 2 years
You are an extreme outlier. I know about two dozen people who work with C(++) and not a single one of them has ever told me that they've found a compiler bug when we've talked about coding and debugging - it's been exclusively them describing PEBCAK.
usefulcat
20 hours ago
I've been using c++ for over 30 years. 20-30 years ago I was mostly using MSVC (including version 6), and it absolutely had bugs, sometimes in handling the language spec correctly and sometimes regarding code generation.
Today, I use gcc and clang. I would say that compiler bugs are not common in released versions of those (i.e. not alpha or beta), but they do still occur. Although I will say I don't recall the last time I came across a code generation bug.
arvyy
21 hours ago
I knew one person reporting gcc bugs, and iirc those were all niche scenarios where it generated slightly suboptimal machine code but not otherwise observable from behavior
throw10920
21 hours ago
Right - I'm not saying that it doesn't happen, but that it's highly unusual for the majority of C(++) developers, and that some bugs are "just" suboptimal code generation (as opposed to functional correctness, which the GP was arguing).
rhubarbtree
a day ago
This argument is disingenuous and distracts rather than addresses the point.
Yes, it is possible for a compiler to have a bug. No, that is I’m mo way analogous to AI producing buggy code.
I’ve experienced maybe two compiler bugs in my twenty year career. I have experienced countless AI mistakes - hundreds? Thousands? Already.
These are not the same and it has the whiff of sales patter trying to address objections. Please stop.
LiamPowell
a day ago
I'm not arguing that LLMs are at a point today where we can blindly trust their outputs in most applications, I just don't think that 100% correct output is necessarily a requirement for that. What it needs to be is correct often enough that the cost of reviewing the output far outweighs the average cost of any errors in the output, just like with a compiler.
This even applies to human written code and human mistakes, as the expected cost of errors goes up we spend more time on having multiple people review the code and we worry more about carefully designing tests.
sampullman
a day ago
If natural language is used to specify work to the LLM, how can the output ever be trusted? You'll always need to make sure the program does what you want, rather than what you said.
rootnod3
a day ago
Just create a very specific and very detailed prompt that is so specific that it starts including instructions and you came up with the most expensive programming language.
reverius42
21 hours ago
It's not great that it's the most expensive (by far), but it's also by far the most expressive programming language.
rootnod3
18 hours ago
How is it more expressive? What is more expressive than Turing completeness?
ineedasername
18 hours ago
>"You'll always need to make sure the program does what you want, rather than what you said."
Yes, making sure the program does what you want. Which is already part of the existing software development life cycle. Just as using natural language to specify work already is: It's where things start and return to over and over throughout any project. Further: LLM's frequently understand what I want better than other developers. Sure, lots of times they don't. But they're a lot better at it than they were 6 months ago, and a year ago they barely did so at all save for scripts of a few dozen lines.
sampullman
3 hours ago
That's exactly my point, it's a nice tool in the toolbox, but for most tasks it's not fire-and-forget. You still have to do all the same verification you'd need to do with human written code.
signatoremo
a day ago
You trust your natural language instructions thousand times a day. If you ask for a large black coffee, you can trust that is more or less what you’ll get. Occasionally you may get something so atrocious that you don’t dare to drink, but generally speaking you trust the coffee shop knows what you want. It you insist on a specific amount of coffee brewed at a specific temperature, however, you need tools to measure.
AI tools are similar. You can trust them because they are good enough, and you need a way (testing) to make sure what is produced meet your specific requirements. Of course they may fail for you, doesn’t mean they aren’t useful in other cases.
All of that is simply common sense.
rhubarbtree
39 minutes ago
More analogy.
What’s to stop the barista putting sulphuric acid in your coffee? Well, mainly they don’t because they need a job and don’t want to go to prison. AIs don’t go to prison, so you’re hoping they won’t do it because you’ve promoted them well enough.
sampullman
3 hours ago
The person I'm replying to believes that there will be a point when you no longer need to test (or review) the output of LLMs, similar to how you don't think about the generated asm/bytecode/etc of a compiler.
That's what I disagree with - everything you said is obviously true, but I don't see how it's related to the discussion.
LiamPowell
41 minutes ago
I don't necessarily think we'll ever reach that point and I'm pretty sure we'll never reach that point for some higher risk applications due to natural language being ambiguous.
There are however some applications where ambiguity is fine. For example, I might have a recipe website where I tell a LLM to "add a slider for the user to scale the number of servings". There's a ton of ambiguity there but if you don't care about the exact details then I can see a future where LLMs do something reasonable 99.9999% of the time and no one does more than glance at it and say it looks fine.
How long it is until we reach that point and if we'll ever reach that point is of course still up for debate, but I dnt think it's completely unrealistic.
wtetzner
18 hours ago
I don't think the argument is that AI isn't useful. I think the argument is that it is qualitatively different from a compiler.
oblio
18 hours ago
> All of that is simply common sense.
Is that why we have legal codes spanning millions of pages?
yourapostasy
a day ago
The challenge not addressed with this line of reasoning is the required sheer scale of output validation on the backend of LLM-generated code. Human hand-developed code was no great shakes at the validation front either, but the scale difference hid this problem.
I’m hopeful what used to be tedious about the software development process (like correctness proving or documentation) becomes tractable enough with LLM’s to make the scale more manageable for us. That’s exciting to contemplate; think of the complexity categories we can feasibly challenge now!
dbtablesorrows
a day ago
the fact that the bug tracker exists is proving GP's point.
eklavya
a day ago
Right, now what would you say is the probability of getting a bug in compiler output vs ai output?
It's a great tool, once it matures.
rootnod3
a day ago
Absolutely this. I am tired of that trope.
Or the argument that "well, at some point we can come up with a prompt language that does exactly what you want and you just give it a detailed spec." A detailed spec is called code. It's the most round-about way to make a programming language that even then is still not deterministic at best.
wtetzner
18 hours ago
And at the point that your detailed specification language is deterministic, why do you need AI in the middle?
rootnod3
18 hours ago
Exactly the point. AI is absolutely BS that just gets peddled by shills. It does not work. It might work for some JS bullcrao. But take existing code and ask it to add capsicum next to an ifdef of pledge. Watch the mayhem unfold.
andai
a day ago
This is obviously besides the point but I did blindly follow a wiener schnitzel recipe ChatGPT made me and cooked for a whole crew. It turned out great. I think I got lucky though, the next day I absolutely massacred the pancakes.
D-Machine
a day ago
I genuinely admire your courage and willingness (or perhaps just chaos energy) to attempt both wiener schnitzel and pancakes for a crew, based on AI recipes, despite clearly limited knowledge of either.
bonesss
a day ago
Recent experiments with LLM recipes (ChatGPT): missed salt in a recipe to make rice, then flubbed whether that type of rice was recommended to be washed in the recipe it was supposedly summarizing (and lied about it, too)…
Probabilistic generation will be weighted towards the means in the training data. Do I want my code looking like most code most of the time in a world full of Node.js and PHP? Am I better served by rapid delivery from a non-learning algorithm that requires eternal vigilance and critical re-evaluation or with slower delivery with a single review filtered through an meatspace actor who will build out trustable modules in a linear fashion with known failure modes already addressed by process (ie TDD, specs, integration & acceptance tests)?
I’m using LLMs a lot, but can’t shake the feeling that the TCO and total time shakes out worse than it feels as you go.
andai
a day ago
There was a guy a few months ago who found that telling the AI to do everything in a single PHP file actually produced significantly better results, i.e. it worked on the first try. Otherwise it defaulted to React, 1GB of node modules, and a site that wouldn't even load.
>Am I better served
For anything serious, I write the code "semi-interactively", i.e. I just prompt and verify small chunks of the program in rapid succession. That way I keep my mental model synced the whole time, I never have any catching up to do, and honestly it just feels good to stay in the driver's seat.
D-Machine
19 hours ago
Pro-tip: Do NOT use LLMs to generate recipes, use them to search the internet for a site with a trustworthy recipe, for information on cooking techniques, science, or chemistry, or if you need ideas about pairings and/or cooking theory / conventions. Do not trust anything an LLM says if it doesn't give a source, it seems people on the internet can't cook for shit and just make stuff up about food science and cooking (e.g. "searing seals in the moisture", though most people know this is nonsense now), so the training data here is utterly corrupt. You always need to inspect the sources.
I don't even see how an LLM (or frankly any recipe) that is a summary / condensation of various recipes can ever be good, because cooking isn't something where you can semantically condense or even mathematically combine various recipes together to get one good one. It just doesn't work like that, there is just one secret recipe that produces the best dish, and the way to find this secret recipe is by experimenting in the real world, not by trying to find some weighting of a bunch of different steps from a bunch of different recipes.
Plus, LLMs don't know how to judge quality of recipes at all (and indeed hallucinate total nonsense if they don't have search enabled).
tonfa
16 hours ago
> I don't even see how an LLM (or frankly any recipe) that is a summary / condensation of various recipes can ever be good
It's funny, I actually know quite a few (totally non tech) people who uses (and like using) LLMs for recipes/recipes ideas.
They probably have enough experience to push back when there's a bad idea, or figure out missing steps/follow up.
Thinking about it, it sounds a bit like LLM usage for coding where an experienced programmer can get more value out of it.
D-Machine
15 hours ago
If you have lots of experience from years of serious cooking, like I do, almost everything the LLM suggests or outputs re: cooking is false, bad or at best incredibly sub-par, and you will spend far more time correcting it and/or pushing it toward what you already know for it to be actually helpful / productive in getting you anything actually true. I also think it just messes up incredibly basic stuff all the time. I re-iterate it is only good for the things I said.
Whether or not you think you can get "good" recipes out of it will also depend on your experience with cuisine and cooking, and your own pickiness. I am sure amateurs or people who cook only occasionally can get use out of it, but it is not useful for me.
Cooking is a very different world from coding: recipes aren't composable like code (within-recipe ratios need to be maintained, i.e. recipes written in bakers ratios/proportions, steps are almost always sequentially dependent, and ingredients need to complement each other) and most sources besides the few good empirical ones actually verify anything they make, which is a problem, because the training data for cooking is far more poisoned.
tonfa
14 hours ago
I guess different people have different experiences when using those tools :)
(I was talking about people who cook daily for their households and enjoy doing it, I guess they found a way to make LLMs useful for them)
D-Machine
13 hours ago
I also cook daily at home, for fun (though I have catered a couple times for some large 50+ people family events too). Just, in my case, cooking is my passion, and has been more than just a minor hobby for me. I.e. there have been many years of my life where I spent 3-5 hours of every day cooking, and this has been the case for about 15 years now. If "professional home cook" was a thing, I'd be that, but, alas.
So my standards are admittedly probably a bit deranged relative to most...
bostik
a day ago
Everything more complex than a hello-world has bugs. Compiler bugs are uncommon, but not that uncommon. (I must have debugged a few ICEs in my career, but luckily have had more skilled people to rely on when code generation itself was wrong.)
Compilers aren't even that bad. The stack goes much deeper and during your career you may be (un)lucky enough to find yourself far below compilers: https://bostik.iki.fi/aivoituksia/random/developer-debugging...
NB. I've been to vfs/fs depths. A coworker relied on an oscilloscope quite frequently.
nneonneo
a day ago
I had a fun bug while building a smartwatch app that was caused by the sample rate of the accelerometer increasing when the device heated up. I had code that was performing machine learning on the accelerometer data, which would mysteriously get less accurate during prolonged operation. It turned out that we gathered most of our training data during shorter runs when the device was cool, and when the device heated up during extended use, it changed the frequencies of the recorded signals enough to throw off our model.
I've also used a logic analyzer to debug communications protocols quite a few times in my career, and I've grown to rather like that sort of work, tedious as it may be.
Just this week I built a VFS using FUSE and managed to kernel panic my Mac a half-dozen times. Very fun debugging times.
pcl
a day ago
”I've never personally found a compiler bug.”
I remember the time I spent hours debugging a feature that worked on Solaris and Windows but failed to produce the right results on SGI. Turns out the SGI C++ compiler silently ignored the `throw` keyword! Just didn’t emit an opcode at all! Or maybe it wrote a NOP.
All I’m saying is, compilers aren’t perfect.
I agree about determinism though. And I mitigate that concern by prompting AI assistants to write code that solves a problem, instead of just asking for a new and potentially different answer every time I execute the app.
Ygg2
20 hours ago
Compilers don't change output assemby based on what markdown you provide them via .claude.
Or what tone of voice in prompt you gave them. Or if Saturn is in Aries or Sagittarius.
idopmstuff
a day ago
> Meanwhile AI can't be trusted to give me a recipe for potato soup.
This just isn't true any more. Outside of work, my most common use case for LLMs is probably cooking. I used to frequently second guess them, but no longer - in my experience SOTA models are totally reliable for producing good recipes.
I recognize that at a higher level we're still talking about probabilistic recipe generation vs. deterministic compiler output, but at this point it's nonetheless just inaccurate to act as though LLMs can't be trusted with simple (e.g. potato soup recipe) tasks.
bayindirh
a day ago
Compilers and processors are deterministic by design. LLMs are non-deterministic by design.
It's not apples vs. oranges. They are literally opposite of each other.
Scene_Cast2
18 hours ago
Just to nitpick - compilers (and, to some extent, processors) weren't deterministic a few decades ago. Getting them to be deterministic has been a monumental effort - see build reproducibility.
anematode
a day ago
I'm trying to track down a GCC miscompilation right now ;)
keyle
a day ago
I feel for you :D
wtetzner
18 hours ago
> The compiler metaphor is simply incorrect
If an LLM was analogous to a compiler, then we would be committing prompts to source control, not the output of the LLM (the "machine code").
jen729w
a day ago
> Meanwhile AI can't be trusted to give me a recipe for potato soup.
Because there isn’t a canonical recipe for potato soup.
lebuin
a day ago
There's also no canonical way to write software, so in that sense generating code is more similar to coming up with a potato soup recipe than compiling code.
Jensson
a day ago
That is not the issue, any potato soup recipe would be fine, the issue is that it might fetch values from different recipes and give you an abomination.
D-Machine
a day ago
This exactly, I cook as passion, and LLMs just routinely very clearly (weighted) "average" together different recipes to produce, in the worst case, disgusting monstrosities, or, in the best case, just a near-replica of some established site's recipe.
antonvs
20 hours ago
> ... some established site's recipe.
At least with the LLM, you don't have to wade through paragraph after paragraph of "I remember playing in the back yard as a child, I would get hungry..."
In fact LLMs write better and more interesting prose than the average recipe site.
D-Machine
20 hours ago
It's not hard to scroll to the bottom of a page, IMO, but regardless, sites like you are mentioning have trash recipes in most cases.
I only go with resources where the text is actual documentation of their testing and/or the steps they've made, or other important details (e.g. SeriousEats, Whats Cooking America / America's Test Kitchen, AmazingRibs, Maangchi for Korean, vegrecipesofindia, Modernist series, etc) or look for someone with some credibility (e.g. Kenji Lopez, other chef on YouTube). In this case the text or surrounding content is valuable and should not be skipped. A plain recipe with no other details is generally only something an amateur would trust.
If you need a recipe, you don't know how to make it by definition, so you need more information to verify that the recipe is done soundly. There is also no reason to assume / trust that the LLMs summary / condensation of various recipes is good, because cooking isn't something where you can semantically condense or even mathematically combine various recipes together to get one good one. It just doesn't work like that, there is just one secret recipe that produces the best dish, and LLMs don't know how to judge quality of recipes, mostly.
I've never had an LLM produce something better or more trustworthy than any of those sites I mentioned, and have had it just make shit up when dealing with anything complicated (i.e. when trying to find the optimal ratio of starch to flour for Korean fried chicken, it just confidently claimed 50/50 is best, when this is obviously total trash to anyone who has done this).
The only time I've ever found LLMs useful for cooking is when I need to cook something obscure that only has information in a foreign language (e.g. icefish / noodlefish), or when I need to use it for search about something involving chemistry or technique (it once quickly found me a paper proving that baking soda can indeed be used to tenderize squid - but only after I prompted it further to get sources and go beyond its training data, because it first hallucinated some bullshit about baking soda only working on collagen or something, which is just not true at all).
So I would still never trust or use the quantities it gives me for any kind of cooking / dish without checking or having the sources, instead I would rely on my own knowledge and intuitions. This makes LLMs useless for recipes in about 99% of cases.
antonvs
12 hours ago
> This makes LLMs useless for recipes in about 99% of cases.
But you spent a whole lot of time essentially describing how 99% of recipe sites are also useless. What's the difference?
D-Machine
9 hours ago
The difference is that I have a few sites and resources I already know that are NOT useless. With an LLM output, I have to check and verify every time, and, since LLMs are based on junk, almost always produce junk. But with the trusted sites, I do not have to check, and almost always get something decent and/or close to authentic!
The difference is between a trusted source that is good most of the time, vs. an LLM recipe that is trash 99% of the time.
EDIT: If you haven't visited any / all of the sites / sources I mentioned, check them out! They are really good, especially SeriousEats if the recipe is from Kenji Lopez. Maybe just avoid AmazingRibs, unless you have uBlock installed: they were way ahead of their time, but haven't updated in forever, and clearly have become desperate...
keyle
a day ago
You're correct, and I believe this is only a matter of time. Over time it has been getting better and will keep doing so.
blks
a day ago
It won’t be deterministic.
wtetzner
16 hours ago
The input to LLMs is natural language. Natural language is ambiguous. No amount of LLM improvements will change that.
bigstrat2003
a day ago
Maybe. But it's been 3 years and it still isn't good enough to actually trust. That doesn't raise confidence that it will ever get there.
keyle
a day ago
You need to put this revolution in scale with other revolutions.
How long did it take for horses to be super-seeded by cars?
How long did powertool take to become the norm for tradesmen?
This has gone unbelievably fast.
grey-area
a day ago
I think things can only be called revolutions in hindsight - while they are going on it's hard to tell if they are a true revolution, an evolution or a dead-end. So I think it's a little premature to call Generative AI a revolution.
AI will get there and replace humans at many tasks, machine learning already has, I'm not completely sure that generative AI will be the route we take, it is certainly superficially convincing, but those three years have not in fact seen huge progress IMO - huge amounts of churn and marketing versions yes, but not huge amounts of concrete progress or upheaval. Lots of money has been spent for sure! It is telling for me that many of the real founders at OpenAI stepped away - and I don't think that's just Altman, they're skeptical of the current approach.
PS Superseded.
antonvs
20 hours ago
*superseded
It comes from the Latin "supersedēre", which taken literally, means "sit on top of". "Super" = above, on top of. "Sedēre" = to sit.
"Super" is already familiar to English speakers. "Sedēre" is the root of words like sedentary, sedan, sedate, reside, and preside.
The more metaphorical meaning of "supersede" as "replace" developed over time and across languages, but the literal meaning is already fairly close.
suddenlybananas
a day ago
>super-seeded
Cute eggcorn there.
senko
a day ago
> Compilers will produce working output given working input literally 100% of my time in my career. I've never personally found a compiler bug.
First compilers were created in the fifties. I doubt those were bug-free.
Give LLMs some fifty or so years, then let's see how (un)reliable they are.
wtetzner
18 hours ago
What I don't understand about these arguments is that the input to the LLMs is natural language, which is inherently ambiguous. At which point, what does it even mean for an LLM to be reliable?
And if you start feeding an unambiguous, formal language to an LLM, couldn't you just write a compiler for that language instead of having the LLM interpret it?
senko
15 hours ago
1) Determinism isn't the same as reliability.
Compilers are deterministic (modulo bugs), but most things in life are not, but can still be reliable.
The opposite also holds: "npm install && npm run build" can work today and fail in a year (due to ecosystem churn) even though every single component in that chain is deterministic.
2) Reliability is a continuum, not a discreet yes/no. In practice, we want things to be reliable enough (where "enough" is determined per domain).
I don't presume this will immediately change your mind, but hopefully will open your eyes to looking at this a bit differently.
allworms
a day ago
> We don't call architects 'vibe architects' even though they copy-paste 4/5th of your next house and use a library of things in their work!
> We don't call builders 'vibe builders' for using earth-moving machines instead of a shovel...
> When was the last time you reviewed the machine code produced by a compiler?
Sure, because those are categorically different. You are describing shortcuts of two classes: boilerplate (library of things) and (deterministic/intentional) automation. Vibe coding doesn't use either of those things. The LLM agents involved might use them, but the vibe coder doesn't.
Vibe coding is delegation, which is a completely different class of shortcut or "tool" use. If an architect delegates all their work to interns, directs outcomes based on whims not principals, and doesn't actually know what the interns are delivering, yeah, I think it would be fair to call them a vibe architect.
We didn't have that term before, so we usually just call those people "arrogant pricks" or "terrible bosses". I'm not super familiar but I feel like Steve Jobs was pretty famously that way - thus if he was an engineer, he was a vibe engineer. But don't let this last point detract from the message, which is that you're describing things which are not really even similar to vibe coding.
tjr
19 hours ago
Delegation, yes.
I do not see LLM coding as another step up on the ladder of programming abstraction.
If your project is in, say, Python, then by using LLMs, you are not writing software in English; you are having an LLM write software for you in Python.
This is much more like delegation of work to someone else, than it is another layer in the machine-code/assembly/C/Python sort of hierarchy.
In my regular day job, I am a project manager. I find LLM coding to be effectively project management. As a project manager, I am free to dive down to whatever level of technical detail I want, but by and large, it is others on the team who actually write the software. If I assign a task, I don't say "I wrote that code", because I didn't; someone else did, even if I directed it.
And then, project management, delegating to the team, is most certainly nondeterministic behavior. Any programmer on the team might come up with a different solution, each of which works. The same programmer might come up with more than one solutions, all of which work.
I don't expect the programmers to be deterministic. I do expect the compiler to be deterministic.
djhn
a day ago
I think you are right in placing emphasis on delegation.
There’s been a hypothesis floating around that I find appealing. Seemingly you can identify two distinct groups of experienced engineers. Manager, delegator, or team lead style senior engineers are broadly pro-AI. The craftsman, wizard, artist, IC style senior engineers are broadly anti-AI.
But coming back to architects, or most professional services and academia to be honest, I do think the term vibe architect as you define it is exactly how the industry works. An underclass of underpaid interns and juniors do the work, hoping to climb higher and position themselves towards the top of the ponzi-like pyramid scheme.
tehnub
13 hours ago
Totally on point, except I'm pretty sure Jobs was not like that. From what I've read he'd be more of a hands on "agentic engineer". Baby-sitting his engineers and designers and steering them.
barrenko
a day ago
Architects still need to learn to draw manually quite well to pass exams and stuff.
dns_snek
a day ago
> We don't call architects 'vibe architects' even though they copy-paste 4/5th of your next house and use a library of things in their work!
Architect's copy-pasting is equivalent to a software developer reusing a tried and tested code library. Generating or writing new code is fundamentally different and not at all comparable.
> We don't call builders 'vibe builders' for using earth-moving machines instead of a shovel...
We would call them "vibe builders" if their machines threw bricks around randomly and the builders focused all of their time on engineering complex scaffolding around the machines to get the bricks flying roughly in the right direction.
But we don't because their machines, like our compilers and linters, do one job and they do it predictably. Most trades spend obscene amounts of money on tools that produce repeatable results.
> That's a lot of years! They're still called architects.
Because they still architect, they don't subcontract their core duties to architecture students overseas and just sign their name under it.
I find it fitting and amusing that people who are uncritical towards the quality of LLM-generated work seem to make the same sorts of reasoning errors that LLMs do. Something about blind spots?
Applejinx
a day ago
Very likely, yes. One day we'll have a clearer understanding of how minds generalize concepts into well-trodden paths even when they're erroneous, and it'll probably shed a lot of light onto concepts like addiction.
AlotOfReading
a day ago
Don't take this as criticizing LLMs as a whole, but architects also don't call themselves engineers. Engineers are an entirely distinct set of roles that among other things validate the plan in its totality, not only the "new" 1/5th. Our job spans both of these.
"Architect" is actually a whole career progression of people with different responsibilities. The bottom rung used to be the draftsmen, people usually without formal education who did the actual drawing. Then you had the juniors, mid-levels, seniors, principals, and partners who each oversaw different aspects. The architects with their name on the building were already issuing high level guidance before the transition instead of doing their own drawings.
When was the last time you reviewed the machine code produced by a compiler?
Last week, to sanity check some code written by an LLM.throwup238
a day ago
> Engineers are an entirely distinct set of roles that among other things validate the plan in its totality, not only the "new" 1/5th. Our job spans both of these.
Where this analogy breaks down is that the work you’re describing is done by Professional Engineers that have strict licensing and are (criminally) liable for the end result of the plans they approve.
That is an entirely different role from the army of civil, mechanical, and electrical engineers (some who are PEs and some who are not) who do most of the work for the principal engineer/designated engineer/engineer of record, that have to trust building codes and tools like FEA/FEM that then get final approval from the most senior PE. I don’t think the analogy works, as software engineers rarely report to that kind of hierarchy. Architects of Record on construction projects are usually licensed with their own licensing organization too, with layers of licensed and unlicensed people working for them.
AlotOfReading
a day ago
That diversity of roles is what "among other things" was meant to convey. My job at least isn't terribly different, except that licensing doesn't exist and I don't get an actual stamp. My company (and possibly me depending on the facts of the situation) is simply liable if I do something egregious that results in someone being hurt.
blibble
a day ago
> Where this analogy breaks down is that the work you’re describing is done by Professional Engineers that have strict licensing and are (criminally) liable for the end result of the plans they approve.
there are plenty of software engineers that work in regulated industries, with individual licensing, criminal liability, and the ability to be struck off and banned from the industry by the regulator
... such as myself
bilbo0s
a day ago
Sure.
But no one stops you from writing software again.
It's not that PE's can't design or review buildings in whatever city the egregious failure happened.
It's that PE's can't design or review buildings at all in any city after an egregious failure.
It's not that PE's can't design or review hospital building designs because one of their hospital designs went so egregiously sideways.
It's that PE's can't design or review any building for any use because their design went so egregiously sideways.
I work in an FDA regulated software area. I need 510k approval and the whole nine. But if I can't write regulated medical or dental software anymore, I just pay my fine and/or serve my punishment and go sling React/JS/web crap or become a TF/PyTorch monkey. No one stops me. Consequences for me messing up are far less severe than the consequences for a PE messing up. I can still write software because, in the end, I was never an "engineer" in that hard sense of the word.
Same is true of any software developer. Or any unlicensed area of "engineering" for that matter. We're only playing at being "engineers" with the proverbial "monopoly money". We lose? Well, no real biggie.
PE's agree to hang a sword of damocles over their own heads for the lifetime of the bridge or building they design. That's a whole different ball game.
blibble
a day ago
> Consequences for me messing up are far less severe than the consequences for a PE messing up.
if I approve a bad release that leads to an egregious failure, for me it's a prison sentence and unlimited fines
in addition to being struck off and banned from the industry
> That's a whole different ball game.
if you say so
bilbo0s
21 hours ago
>if I approve a bad release that leads to an egregious failure, for me it's a prison sentence and unlimited fines
Again, I'm in 510k land. The same applies to myself. No one's gonna allow me to irradiate a patient with a 10x dose because my bass ackwards software messed up scientific notation. To remove the wrong kidney because I can't convert orthonormal basis vectors correctly.
But the fact remains that no one would stop either of us from writing software in the future in some other domain.
They do stop PE's from designing buildings in the future in any other domain. By law. So it's very much a different ball game. After an egregious error, we can still practice our craft, because we aren't "engineers" at the end of the day. (Again, "engineers" in that hard sense of the word.) PE's can't practice their craft any longer after an egregious error. Because they are "engineers" in that hard sense of the word.
blibble
20 hours ago
pray tell, how I can practice my craft from prison
samiv
a day ago
It's not about the tooling it's about the reasoning. An architect copy pasting existing blueprints is still in charge and has to decide what the copy paste and where. Same as programmer slapping a bunch of code together, plumbing libraries or writing fresh code. They are the ones who drive the logical reasoning and the building process.
The ai tooling reverses this where the thinking is outsourced to the machine and the user is borderline nothing more than a spectator, an observer and a rubber stamp on top.
Anyone who is in this position seriously need to think their value added. How do they plan to justify their position and salary to the capital class. If the machine is doing the work for you, why would anyone pay you as much as they do when they can just replace you with someone cheaper, ideally with no-one for maximum profit.
Everyone is now in a competition not only against each other but also against the machine. And any specialized. Expert knowledge moat that you've built over decades of hard work is about to evaporate.
This is the real pressing issue.
And the only way you can justify your value added, your position, your salary is to be able to undermine the AI, find flaws in it's output and reasoning. After all if/when it becomes flawless you have no purpose to the capital class!
radarsat1
a day ago
> The ai tooling reverses this where the thinking is outsourced to the machine and the user is borderline nothing more than a spectator, an observer and a rubber stamp on top.
I find it a bit rare that this is the case though. Usually I have to carefully review what it's doing and guide it. Either by specific suggestions, or by specific tests, etc. I treat it as a "code writer" that doesn't necessarily understand the big picture. So I expect it to fuck up, and correcting it feels far less frustrating if you consider it a tool you are driving rather than letting it drive you. It's great when it gets things right but even then it's you that is confirming this.
samiv
a day ago
This is exactly what I said in the end. Right now you rely on it fucking things up. What happens to you when the AI no longer fucks things up? Sorry to say, but your position is no longer needed.
rhubarbtree
a day ago
Reasoning by analogy is usually a bad idea, and nowhere is this worse than talking about software development.
It’s just not analogous to architecture, or cooking, or engineering. Software development is just its own thing. So you can’t use analogy to get yourself anywhere with a hint of rigour.
The problem is, AI is generating code that may be buggy, insecure, and unmaintainable. We have as a community spent decades trying to avoid producing that kind of code. And now we are being told that productivity gains mean we should abandon those goals and accept poor quality, as evidenced by MoltBook’s security problems.
It’s a weird cognitive dissonance and it’s still not clear how this gets resolved.
Applejinx
a day ago
Now then, Moltbook is a pathological case. Either it remains a pathological case or our whole technological world is gonna stumble HARD as all the fundamental things collapse.
I prefer to think Moltbook is a pathological case and unrepresentative, but I've also been rethinking a sort of game idea from computer-based to entirely paper/card based (tariffs be damned) specifically for this reason. I wish to make things that people will have even in the event that all these nice blinky screens are ruined and go dark.
rhubarbtree
a day ago
Just the first system that was coded by AI could think of. Note this is unrelated to the fact that its users are LLMs - the problem was in the development of Moltbook itself.
borroka
18 hours ago
Architects went from drawing everything on paper to using CAD, not over a generation, but over a few years, after CAD and computers got good enough.
It therefore depends on where we place the discovery/availability of the product. If we place it at the time of prototype production (in the early 1960s for CAD), it took a generation (20-30 years), since by the early and mid-1990s, all professionals were already using CAD.
But if we place it at the time when CAD and personal computers became available to the general public (e.g., mid-1980s), it took no more than 5-10 years. I attended a technical school in the 1990s, and we started with hand drawing in the first two years and used CAD systems in the remaining three years of school.
The same can be said for AI. If we place the beginning of AI in the mid-1980s, the wider adoption of AI took more than a generation. If we place it at the time OpenAI developed GPT, it took 5-10 years.
moregrist
a day ago
> When was the last time you reviewed the machine code produced by a compiler? ...
Any time I’m doing serious optimization or knee-deep in debugging something where the bug emerged at -O2 but not at -O0.
Sometimes just for fun to see what the compiler is doing in its optimization passes.
You severely limit what you can do and what you can learn if you never peek underneath.
lelanthran
a day ago
> We don't call architects 'vibe architects' even though they copy-paste 4/5th of your next house and use a library of things in their work!
Maybe not, but we don't allow non-architects to vomit out thousands of diagrams that they cannot review, and that is never reviewed, which are subsequently used in the construction of the house.
Your analogy to s/ware is fatally and irredeemably flawed, because you are comparing the regulated and certification-heavy production of content, which is subsequently double-checked by certified professionals, with an unregulated and non-certified production of content which is never checked by any human.
snayan
a day ago
I don't see a flaw, I think you're just gatekeeping software creation.
Anyone can pick up some CAD software and design a house if they so desire. Is the town going to let you build it without a certified engineer/architect signing off? Fuck no. But we don't lock down CAD software.
And presumably, mission critical software is still going to be stamped off on by a certified engineer of some sort.
lelanthran
a day ago
> Anyone can pick up some CAD software and design a house if they so desire. Is the town going to let you build it without a certified engineer/architect signing off? Fuck no. But we don't lock down CAD software.
No, we lock down using that output from the CAD software in the real world.
> And presumably, mission critical software is still going to be stamped off on by a certified engineer of some sort.
The "mission critical" qualifier is new to your analogy, but is irrelevant anyway - the analogy breaks because, while you can do what you like with CAD software on your own PC, that output never gets used outside of your PC without careful and multiple levels of review, while in the s/ware case, there is no review.
snayan
a day ago
I am not really sure what you are getting at here. Are you suggesting that people should need to acquire some sort of credential to be allowed to code?
lelanthran
a day ago
> Are you suggesting that people should need to acquire some sort of credential to be allowed to code?
No, I am saying that you are comparing professional $FOO practitioners to professional $BAR practitioners, but it's not a valid comparison because one of those has review and safety built into the process, and the other does not.
You can't use the assertion "We currently allow $FOO practitioners to use every single bit of automation" as evidence that "We should also allow $BAR practitioners to use every bit of automation", because $FOO output gets review by certified humans, and $BAR output does not.
snayan
a day ago
Thanks brother. I flew half way around the world yesterday and am jetlagged as fuck from a 12 hour time change. I'm sorry, my brain apparently shut off, but I follow now. Was out to lunch.
lelanthran
a day ago
> Thanks brother. I flew half way around the world yesterday and am jetlagged as fuck from a 12 hour time change. I'm sorry, my brain apparently shut off, but I follow now. Was out to lunch.
You know, this was a very civilised discussion; below I've got someone throwing snide remarks my way for some claims I made. You just factually reconfirmed and re-verified until I clarified my PoV.
You're a very pleasant person to argue with.
snayan
3 hours ago
Thank you! Likewise. Appreciate you being patient with me.
As I get older I've lost the desire to be correct. More interested in understanding other's POV.
I'd argue with you anytime lelanthran.
latexr
a day ago
> We don't call architects 'vibe architects' even though (…)
> We don't call builders 'vibe builders' for (…)
> When was the last time (…)
None of those are the same thing. At all. They are still all deterministic approaches. The architect’s library of things doesn’t change every time they use it or present different things depending on how they hold it. It’s useful because it’s predictable. Same for all your other examples.
If we want to have an honest discussion about the pros and cons of LLM-generated code, proponents need to stop being dishonest in their comparisons. They also need to stop plugging their ears and not ignore the other issues around the technology. It is possible to have something which is useful but whose advantages do not outweigh the disadvantages.
cadamsdotcom
a day ago
I think the word predictable is doing a bit of heavy lifting there.
Lets say you shovel some dirt, you’ve got a lot of control over where you get it from and where you put it..
Now get in your big digger’s cabin and try to have the same precision. At the level of a shovel-user, you are unpredictable even if you’re skilled. Some of your work might be out a decent fraction of the width of a shovel. That’d never happen if you did it the precise way!
But you have a ton more leverage. And that’s the game-changer.
latexr
a day ago
That’s another dishonest comparison. Predictability is not the same as precision. You don’t need to be millimetric when shovelling dirt at a construction site. But you do need to do it when conducting brain surgery. Context matters.
cadamsdotcom
a day ago
Sure. If you’re racing your runway to go from 0 to 100 users you’d reach for a different set of tools than if you’re contributing to postgres.
In other words I agree completely with you but these new tools open up new possibilities. We have historically not had super-shovels so we’ve had to shovel all the things no matter how giant or important they are.
latexr
a day ago
> these new tools open up new possibilities.
I’m not disputing that. What I’m criticising is the argument from my original parent post of comparing it to things which are fundamentally different, but making it look equivalent as a justification against criticism.
gloosx
3 hours ago
earth-moving machines don't really move earth because they are told so, machine requires fine-grained deterministic input in a certain language of motion to do what it does.
imagine if machine operator was saying "move this earth here, not not this one, 30 cantimeters to the left... yes, move this one earth here, no not here, please a bit to the right", lol
of course, someone with no exprerience with the machine would prefer telling it what to do, and he will even achieve something rough, but someone who knows what handles and pedals do would prefer the handles and pedals
tehnub
12 hours ago
How can people still make such mistaken analogies when ChatGPT was released over three years ago?
franze
18 hours ago
ad > when was the last time
i once found a bug in https://developers.google.com/closure/compiler
by borrowing a function from a not invoked Array broke the compiled code
spent a weekend in reading minified code
good times
blks
a day ago
Compilers are deterministic.
nutjob2
18 hours ago
> We don't call architects 'vibe architects' even though they copy-paste 4/5th of your next house and use a library of things in their work!
Maybe, but they do it through the filter of their knowledge, experience and wisdom, not by rolling a large number of dice to execute a design.
LLMs are useful, just less useful than people think, for instance, 'technical debt' production has now become automated at an industrial scale.
datsci_est_2015
a day ago
I skimmed over it, and didn’t find any discussion of:
- Pull requests
- Merge requests
- Code review
I feel like I’m taking crazy pills. Are SWE supposed to move away from code review, one of the core activities for the profession? Code review is as fundamental for SWE as double entry is for accounting.Yes, we know that functional code can get generated at incredible speeds. Yes, we know that apps and what not can be bootstrapped from nothing by “agentic coding”.
We need to read this code, right? How can I deliver code to my company without security and reliability guarantees that, at their core, come from me knowing what I’m delivering line-by-line?
bthornbury
a day ago
Either really comprehensive tests (that you read) or read it. Usually i find you can skim most of it, but like in core sections like billing or something you gotta really review it. The models still make mistakes.
mattmanser
a day ago
You can't skim over AI code.
For even mid-level tasks it will make bad assumptions, like sorting orders or timezone conversions.
Basic stuff really.
You've probably got a load of ticking time bomb bugs if you've just been skimming it.
bthornbury
15 hours ago
> got a load of ticking time bomb bugs
Lots and lots of tests!
eikenberry
16 hours ago
The primary point behind code reviews is to let author to know that someone else will look at their code. They are a psychological tool and that, AFAIK, don't work well with the AI models. If the code is important enough that you want to review it then you should probably be using a different, more interactive flow.
Mitchell talks about this in a round about way... in the "Reproduce your own work" section he obviously reviewed that code as that was the point. In the "End-of-day agents" section he talks about what he found them good for (so far). He previously wrote about how he preferred an interactive style and this article aligns with that with his progress understanding how code agents can be useful.
AloysB
a day ago
Give it a read, he mentions briefly how he uses for PR triages and resolving GH issues.
He doesn't go in details, but there is a bit:
> Issue and PR triage/review. Agents are good at using gh (GitHub CLI), so I manually scripted a quick way to spin up a bunch in parallel to triage issues. I would NOT allow agents to respond, I just wanted reports the next day to try to guide me towards high value or low effort tasks.
> More specifically, I would start each day by taking the results of my prior night's triage agents, filter them manually to find the issues that an agent will almost certainly solve well, and then keep them going in the background (one at a time, not in parallel).
This is a short excerpt, this article is worth reading. Very grounded and balanced.
datsci_est_2015
a day ago
Okay I think this somewhat answers my question. Is this individual a solo developer? “Triaging GitHub issues” sounds a bit like open source solo developer.
Guess I’m just desperate for an article about how organizations are actually speeding up development using agentic AI. Like very practical articles about how existing development processes have been adjusted to facilitate agentic AI.
I remain unconvinced that agentic AI scales beyond solo development, where the individual is liable for the output of the agents. More precisely, I can use agentic AI to write my code, but at the end of the day when I submit it to my org it’s my responsibility to understand it, and guarantee (according to my personal expertise) its security and reliability.
Conversely, I would fire (read: reprimand) someone so fast if I found out they submitted code that created a vulnerability that they would have reasonably caught if they weren’t being reckless with code submission speed, LLM or not.
AI will not revolutionize SWE until it revolutionizes our processes. It will definitely speed us up (I have definitely become faster), but faster != revolution.
kaibee
a day ago
> Guess I’m just desperate for an article about how organizations are actually speeding up development using agentic AI. Like very practical articles about how existing development processes have been adjusted to facilitate agentic AI.
They probably aren't really. At least in orgs I worked at, writing the code wasn't usually the bottleneck. It was in retrospect, 'context' engineering, waiting for the decision to get made, making some change and finding it breaks some assumption that was being made elsewhere but wasn't in the ticket, waiting for other stakeholders to insert their piece of the context, waiting for $VENDOR to reply about why their service is/isn't doing X anymore, discovering that $VENDOR_A's stage environment (that your stage environment is testing against for the integration) does $Z when $VENDOR_B_C_D don't do that, etc.
The ecosystem as a whole has to shift for this to work.
djhn
a day ago
The author of the blog made his name and fortune founding Hashicorp, makers of Vagrant and Terraform among other things. Having done all that in his twenties he retired as the CTO and reappeared after a short hiatus with a new open source terminal, Ghostty.
datsci_est_2015
a day ago
I had a bit of an adjustment of my beliefs since writing these comments. My current take:
- AI is revolutionizing how individuals work
- It is not clear yet how AI can revolutionize how organizations work (even SWE)lawgimenez
a day ago
Can't believe you don't know who the author is my man.
distances
an hour ago
Different folks are interested in different niches. I don't know this author either. I would know many names from other subfields, though.
I once went to a meetup where the host introduced the speaker with "he needs no introduction". Well to this day I've no idea who the speaker was. Familiarity really shouldn't be assumed beyond a very, very small handful of people.
datsci_est_2015
a day ago
Generally don’t pay attention to names unless it’s someone like Torvalds, Stroustrop, or Guido. Maybe this guy needs another decade of notoriety or something.
lawgimenez
10 hours ago
So, only 3 old dudes. Is that it? What's wrong with looking up to new and upcoming developers.
jedberg
17 hours ago
The author is the founder of Hasicorp. He created Vault and Terraform, among others.
datsci_est_2015
14 hours ago
Curious, do you think his name should be as well known as Torvalds, Stroustrup, and Guido, who combined have ~120 years of serious contribution to the way that we write software, and continue to influence?
Because that’s the implication that I’m getting from downvotes + this reply.
Sure, Terraform is huge no doubt, but it’s no Linux, C++, or Python, yet. Correct me if I’m wrong, but I assume since they’re no longer involved with Hashicorp they’re no longer contributing to Terraform?
adammarples
a day ago
If you had that article, would you read it fully before firing off questions?
QuiEgo
a day ago
You read it. You now have an infinite army of overconfident slightly drunken new college grads to throw at any problem.
Some times you’re gonna want to slowly back away from them and write things yourself. Sometimes you can farm out work to them.
Code review their work as you would any one else’s, in fact more so.
My rule of thumb has been it takes a senior engineer per every 4 new grads to mentor them and code review their work. Or put another way bringing on a new grad gets you +1 output at the cost of -0.25 a senior.
Also, there are some tasks you just can’t give new college grads.
Same dynamic seems to be shaping up here. Except the AI juniors are cheap and work 24*7 and (currently) have no hope of growing into seniors.
kaibee
a day ago
> Same dynamic seems to be shaping up here. Except the AI juniors are cheap and work 24*7 and (currently) have no hope of growing into seniors.
Each individual trained model... sure. But otoh you can look at it as a very wide junior with "infinite (only limited by your budget)" willpower. Sure, three years ago they were GPT-3.5, basically useless. And now they're Opus 4.6. I wonder what the next few years will bring.
Quarrelsome
a day ago
we're talking about _this_ post? He specifically said he only runs one agent, so sure he probably reviews the code or as he stated finds means of auto-verifying what the agent does (giving the agent a way to self-verify as part of its loop).
tptacek
a day ago
So read the code.
datsci_est_2015
a day ago
Cool, code review continues to be one of the biggest bottlenecks in our org, with or without agentic AI pumping out 1k LOC per hour.
alexsmirnov
a day ago
For me, AI is the best for code research and review
Since some team members started using AI without care, I did create bunch of agents/skills/commands and custom scripts for claude code. For each PR, it collects changes by git log/diff, read PR data and spin bunch of specialized agents to check code style, architecture, security, performance, and bugs. Each agent armed with necessary requirement documents, including security compliance files. False positives are rare, but it still misses some problems. No PR with ai generated code passes it. If AI did not find any problems, I do manual review.
tptacek
a day ago
Ok? You still have to read the code.
nosianu
a day ago
That's just not what has been happening in large enterprise projects, internal or external, since long before AI.
Famous example - but by no means do I want to single out that company and product: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18442941
From my own experience, I kept this post bookmarked because I too worked on that project in the late 1990s, you cannot review those changes anyway. It is handled as described, you keep tweaking stuff until the tests pass. There is fundamentally no way to understand the code. Maybe its different in some very core parts, but most of it is just far too messy. I tried merely disentangling a few types ones, because there were a lot of duplicate types for the most simple things, such as 32 bit integers, and it is like trying to pick one noodle out of a huge bowl of spaghetti, and everything is glued and knotted together, so you always end up lifting out the entire bowl's contents. No AI necessary, that is just how such projects like after many generations of temporary programmers (because all sane people will leave as soon as they can, e.g. once they switched from an H1B to a Green Card) under ticket-closing pressure.
I don't know why since the beginning of these discussions some commenters seem to work off wrong assumptions that thus far our actual methods lead to great code. Very often they don't, they lead to a huge mess over time that just gets bigger.
And that is not because people are stupid, its because top management has rationally determined that the best balance for overall profits does not require perfect code. If the project gets too messy to do much the customers will already have been hooked and can't change easily, and when they do, some new product will have already replaced the two decades old mature one. Those customers still on the old one will pay premium for future bug fixes, and the rest will jumpt to the new trend. I don't think AI can make what's described above any, or much worse.
bigstrat2003
a day ago
You're missing the point. The point is that reading the code is more time consuming than writing it, and has always been thus. Having a machine that can generate code 100x faster, but which you have to read carefully to make sure it hasn't gone off the rails, is not an asset. It is a liability.
tptacek
a day ago
Tell that to Mitchell Hashimoto.
crazygringo
16 hours ago
> The point is that reading the code is more time consuming than writing it, and has always been thus.
Huh?
First, that is definitely not true. If it were, dev teams would spend the majority of their time on code review, but they don't.
And second, even if it were true, you have to read it for code review even if it was written by a person anyways, if we're talking about the context of a team.
IhateAI
a day ago
I didn't get into creating software so I could read plagiarism laundering machines output. Sorry, miss me with these takes. I love using my keyboard, and my brain.
dotancohen
a day ago
So you have a hobby.
I have a profession. Therefore I evaluate new tools. Agents coding I've introduced into my auxiliary tool forgings (one-off bash scripts) and personal projects, and I'm just now comfortable to introduce into my professional work. But I still evaluate every line.
IhateAI
a day ago
"auxiliary tool forgings" You aren't a serious person.
dotancohen
a day ago
I may not be a serious person, but I am a serious professional.
raw_anon_1111
a day ago
I love for companies to pay me money that I can in turn exchange for food, clothes and shelter.
BeetleB
19 hours ago
And not working with anyone else.
AI written code is often much easier to read/review than some of my coworkers'
alternatex
15 hours ago
Can't say the same for my colleagues' AI written code. It's overtly verbose and always does more that what's required.
acessoproibido
a day ago
So then type the code as well and read it after. Why are you mad
codyb
a day ago
I think this is the crux of why, when used as an enhancement to solo productivity, you'll have a pretty strict upper bound on productivity gains given that it takes experienced engineers to review code that goes out at scale.
That being said, software quality seems to be decreasing, or maybe it's just cause I use a lot of software in a somewhat locked down state with adblockers and the rest.
Although, that wouldn't explain just how badly they've murdered the once lovely iTunes (now Apple Music) user interface. (And why does CMD-C not pick up anything 15% of the time I use it lately...)
Anyways, digressions aside... the complexity in software development is generally in the organizational side. You have actual users, and then you have people who talk to those users and try to see what they like and don't like in order to distill that into product requirements which then have to be architected, and coordinated (both huge time sinks) across several teams.
Even if you cut out 100% of the development time, you'd still be left with 80% of the timeline.
Over time though... you'll probably see people doing what I do all day (which is move around among many repositories (although I've yet to use the AI much, got my Cursor license recently and am gonna spin up some POCs that I want to see soon)), enabled by their use of AI to quickly grasp what's happening in the repo, and the appropriate places to make changes.
Enabling developers to complete features from tip to tail across deep, many pronged service architectures would could bring project time down drastically and bring project management, and cross team coordination costs down tremendously.
Similarly, in big companies, the hand is often barely aware at best of the foot. And space exploration is a serious challenge. Often folk know exactly one step away, and rely on well established async communication channels which also only know one step further. Principal engineers seem to know large amounts about finite spaces and are often in the dark small hops away to things like the internal tooling for the systems they're maintaining (and often not particularly great at coming in to new spaces and thinking with the same perspective... no we don't need individual micro services for every 12 request a month admin api group we want to set up).
Once systems can take a feature proposal and lay out concrete plans which each little kingdom can give a thumbs up or thumbs down to for further modifications, you can again reduce exploration, coordination, and architecture time down.
Sadly, seems like User Experience design is an often terribly neglected part of our profession. I love the memes about an engineer building the perfect interface like a water pitcher only for the person to position it weirdly in order to get a pour out of the fill hole or something. Lemme guess how many users you actually talked to (often zero), and how many layers of distillation occurred before you received a micro picture feature request that ends up being build and taking input from engineers with no macro understanding of a user's actual needs, or day to day.
And who often are much more interested in perfecting some little algorithm thank thinking about enabling others.
So my money is on money flowing to... - People who can actually verify system integrity, and can fight fires and bugs (but a lot of bug fixing will eventually becoming prompting?) - Multi-talented individuals who can say... interact with users well enough to understand their needs as well as do a decent job verifying system architecture and security
It's outside of coding where I haven't seen much... I guess people use it to more quickly scaffold up expense reports, or generate mocks. So, lots of white collar stuff. But... it's not like the experience of shopping at the supermarket has changed, or going to the movies, or much of anything else.
svilen_dobrev
a day ago
let me ask a stupid/still-ignorant question - about repeatability.
If one asks this generator/assistant same request/thing, within same initial contexts, 10 times, would it generate same result ? in different sessions and all that.
because.. if not, then it's for once-off things only..
Robin_Message
a day ago
If I asked you for the same thing 10 times, wiping your memory each time, would you generate the same result?
And why does it matter anyway? I'd the code passes the tests and you like the look of it, it's good. It doesn't need to be existentially complicated.
lins1909
a day ago
A pretty bad comparison. If I gave you the correct answer once, it's unlikely that I'll give you a wrong answer the next time. Also, aren't computers supposed to be more reliable than us? If I'm going to use a tool that behaves just like humans, why not just use my brain instead?
tmtvl
a day ago
I will give Claude Code a trial run if I can run it locally without an internet connection. AI companies have procured so much training data through illegal means you have to be insane to trust them in even the smallest amount.
wiether
a day ago
You can run OpenCode in a container restricted to local network only and communicating with local/self-hosted models.
Claude Code is linked to Anthropic's hosted models so you can't achieve this.
fullstackchris
18 hours ago
this is such a strawman argument. what are they going to take from you? your triple forloop? they literally own the weights for a neural net that scores 77% on SWE. they dont need, nor care, about your code
alternatex
15 hours ago
They are trained on our code. Perhaps not if you don't have any of it open sourced, but it's so jarring to see someone say they don't care about our code.
beoberha
2 days ago
Your sentiment resonates with me a lot. I wonder what we’ll consider the inflection point 10 years from now. It seemed like the zeitgeist was screaming about scaling limits and running out of training data, then we got Claude code, sonnet 4.5, then Opus 4.5 and no ones looked back since.
libraryofbabel
2 days ago
I wonder too. It might be that progress on the underlying models is going to plateau, or it might be that we haven't yet reached what in retrospect will be the biggest inflection point. Technological developments can seem to make sense in hindsight as a story of continuous progress when the dust has settled and we can write and tell the history, but when you go back and look at the full range of voices in the historical sources you realize just how deeply nothing was clear to anyone at all at the time it was happening because everyone was hurtling into the unknown future with a fog of war in front of them. In 1910 I'd say it would have been perfectly reasonable to predict airplanes would remain a terrifying curiosity reserved for daredevils only (and people did); or conversely, in the 1960s a lot of commentators thought that the future of passenger air travel in the 70s and 80s would be supersonic jets. I keep this in mind and don't really pay too much attention to over-confident predictions about the technological future.
zamadatix
a day ago
Should AI tools use memory safe tabs or spaces for indentation? :)
It is a shame it's become such a polarized topic. Things which actually work fine get immediately bashed by large crowds at the same time things that are really not there get voted to the moon by extremely eager folks. A few years from now I expect I'll be thinking "man, there was some really good stuff I missed out on because the discussions about it were so polarized at the time. I'm glad that has cleared up significantly!"
majormajor
a day ago
GPT-4 showed the potential but the automated workflows (context management, loops, test-running) and pure execution speed to handle all that "reasoning"/workflows (remember watching characters pop in slowly in GPT-4 streaming API response calls) are gamechangers.
The workflow automation and better (and model-directed) context management are all obvious in retrospect but a lot of people (like myself) were instead focused on IDE integration and such vs `grep` and the like. Maybe multi-agent with task boards is the next thing, but it feels like that might also start to outrun the ability to sensibly design and test new features for non-greenfield/non-port projects. Who knows yet.
I think it's still very valuable for someone to dig in to the underlying models periodically (insomuch as the APIs even expose the same level of raw stuff anymore) to get a feeling for what's reliable to one-shot vs what's easily correctable by a "ran the tests, saw it was wrong, fixed it" loop. If you don't have a good sense of that, it's easy to get overambitious and end up with something you don't like if you're the sort of person who cares at all about what the code looks like.
a456463
14 hours ago
It is perfectly valid that this issue is polarizing. on the one hand we have blind cargo culters and on the other hand we have "luddites". Being in one or the other "tribe" is cause for getting insulted or called out. Because the cargo culters want everyone to do what they are doing, just like the RTO crowd. The skeptics want to take a more reasonable pace. One side is we are done this is the future and the other side doesn't see the same results happening to them but the cargo culters think in absolutes and 100% only. It is all or nothing. All these other posts waxing and waning and insulting the skeptics are frankly insulting
chrysoprace
a day ago
I think for a lot of people the turn off is the constant churn and the hype cycle. For a lot of people, they just want to get things done and not have to constantly keep on top of what's new or SOTA. Are we still using MCPs or are we using Skills now? Not long ago you had to know MCP or you'd be left behind and you definitely need to know MCP UI or you'll be left behind. I think. It just becomes really tiring, especially with all the FUD.
I'm embracing LLMs but I think I've had to just pick a happy medium and stick with Claude Code with MCPs until somebody figures out a legitimate way to use the Claude subscription with open source tools like OpenCode, then I'll move over to that. Or if a company provides a model that's as good value that can be used with OpenCode.
kaibee
a day ago
It reminds me a lot of 3D Printing tbh. Watching all these cool DIY 3d printing kits evolve over years, I remember a few times I'd checked on costs to build a DIY one. They kept coming down, and down, and then around the same time as "Build a 3d printer for $200 (some assembly required)!" The Bambu X1C was announced/released, for a bit over a grand iirc? And its whole selling point was that it was fast and worked, out of the box. And so I bought one and made a bunch of random one-off-things that solved _my_ specific problem, the way I wanted it solved. Mostly in the form of very specific adapter plates that I could quickly iterate on and random house 'wouldn't it be nice if' things.
That's kind of where AI-agent-coding is now too, though... software is more flexible.
wiether
a day ago
> Or if a company provides a model that's as good value that can be used with OpenCode.
OpenAI's Codex?
chrysoprace
17 hours ago
From everything I've heard, Claude Code is still better at coding and better value (subscription) but I'm happy to be proven wrong.
re-thc
a day ago
> For a lot of people, they just want to get things done and not have to constantly keep on top of what's new or SOTA
That hasn’t been tech for a long time.
Frontend has been changing forever. React and friends have new releases all the time. Node has new package managers and even Deno and Bun. AWS keeps changing things.
bigstrat2003
a day ago
You really shouldn't use the absolute hellscape of churn that is web dev as an example of broader industry trends. No other sub-field of tech is foolish enough to chase hype and new tools the way web dev is.
bonesss
a day ago
I think the web/system dichotomy is also a major conflating factor for LLM discussions.
A “few hundred lines of code” in Rust or Haskell can be bumping into multiple issues LLM assisted coding struggles with. Moving a few buttons on a website with animations and stuff through multiple front end frameworks may reasonably generate 5-10x that much “code”, but of an entirely different calibre.
3,000 lines a day of well-formatted HTML template edits, paired with a reloadable website for rapid validation, is super digestible, while 300 lines of code per day into curl could be seen as reckless.
cgh
20 hours ago
Exactly this. At work, I’ve seen front-end people generating probably 80% of their code because when you set aside framework churn, a lot of it is boilerplatey and borderline trivial (sorry). Meanwhile, the programmers working on the EV battery controller that uses proprietary everything and where a bug could cause an actual explosion are using LLMs as advanced linters and that’s it.
chrysoprace
a day ago
There's a point at which these things become Good Enough though, and don't bottleneck your capacity to get things done.
To your point, React, while it has new updates, hasn't changed the fundamentals since 16.8.0 (introduction of hooks) and that was 7 years ago. Yes there are new hooks, but they typically build on older concepts. AWS hasn't deprecated any of our existing services at work (besides maybe a MySQL version becoming EOL) in the last 4 years that I've worked at my current company.
While I prefer pnpm (to not take up my MacBook's inadequate SSD space), you can still use npm and get things done.
I don't need to keep obsessing over whether Codex or Claude have a 1 point lead in a gamed benchmark test so long as I'm still able to ship features without a lot of churn.
ianm218
a day ago
Isn’t there something off about calling predictions about the future, that aren’t possible with current tech, hype? Like people predicted AI agents would be this huge change, they were called hype since earlier models were so unreliable, and now they are mostly right as ai agents work like a mid level engineer. And clearly super human in some areas.
otabdeveloper4
a day ago
> ai agents work like a mid level engineer
They do not.
> And clearly super human in some areas.
Sure, if you think calculators or bicycles are "superhuman technology".
Lay off the hype pills.
ianm218
15 hours ago
> They do not. Do you have anything to back this up? This seems like a shallow dismissal. Claude Code is mostly used to ship Claude Code and Claude Cowork - which are at multi billion ARR. I use Claude Code to ship technically deep dev tools for myself for example here https://github.com/ianm199/bubble-analysis. I am a decent engineer and I wouldn't have the time or expertise to ship that.
ubercow13
a day ago
>Sure, if you think calculators or bicycles are "superhuman technology".
Uh, yes they are? That's why they were revolutionary technologies!
It's hard to see why a bike that isn't superhuman would even make sense? Being superhuman in at least some aspect really seems like the bare minimum for a technology to be worth adopting.
Lich
2 days ago
Is there any reason to use Claude Code specifically over Codex or Gemini? I’ve found the both Codex and Gemini similar in results, but I never tried Claude because of I keep hearing usage runs out so fast on pro plans and there’s no free trial for the CLI.
libraryofbabel
2 days ago
I mostly mentioned Claude Code because it's what Mitchell first tried according to his post, and it's what I personally use. From what I hear Codex is pretty comparable; it has a lot of fans. There are definitely some differences and strengths and weaknesses of both the CLIs and the underlying LLMs that others who use more than one tool might want to weight in on, but they're all fairly comparable. (Although, we'll see how the new models released from Anthropic and OpenAI today stack up.) Codex and Gemini CLI are basically Claude Code clones with different LLMs behind them, after all.
majormajor
a day ago
IME Gemini is pretty slow in comparison to Claude - but hey, it's super cheap at least.
But that speed makes a pretty significant difference in experience.
If you wait a couple minutes and then give the model a bunch of feedback about what you want done differently, and then have to wait again, it gets annoying fast.
If the feedback loop is much tighter things feel much more engaging. Cursor is also good at this (investigate and plan using slower/pricier models, implement using fast+cheap ones).
arcxi
2 days ago
but annoying hype is exactly the issue with AI in my eyes. I get it's a useful tool in moderation and all, but I also experience that management values speed and quantity of delivery above all else, and hype-driven as they are I fear they will run this industry to the ground and we as users and customers will have to deal with the world where software is permanently broken as a giant pile of unmaintainable vibe code and no experienced junior developers to boot.
acessoproibido
a day ago
>management values speed and quantity of delivery above all else
I don't know about you but this has been the case for my entire career. Mgmt never gave a shit about beautiful code or tech debt or maintainability or how enlightened I felt writing code.
bullshitsite
21 hours ago
The Death of the "Stare": Why AI’s "Confident Stupidity" is a Threat to Human Genius
OPINION | THE REALITY CHECK In the gleaming offices of Silicon Valley and the boardrooms of the Fortune 500, a new religion has taken hold. Its deity is the Large Language Model, and its disciples—the AI Evangelists—speak in a dialect of "disruption," "optimization," and "seamless integration." But outside the vacuum of the digital world, a dangerous friction is building between AI’s statistical hallucinations and the unyielding laws of physics.
The danger of Artificial Intelligence isn't that it will become our overlord; the danger is that it is fundamentally, confidently, and authoritatively stupid.
The Paradox of the Wind-Powered Car The divide between AI hype and reality is best illustrated by a recent technical "solution" suggested by a popular AI model: an electric vehicle equipped with wind generators on the front to recharge the battery while driving. To the AI, this was a brilliant synergy. It even claimed the added weight and wind resistance amounted to "zero."
To any human who has ever held a wrench or understood the First Law of Thermodynamics, this is a joke—a perpetual motion fallacy that ignores the reality of drag and energy loss. But to the AI, it was just a series of words that sounded "correct" based on patterns. The machine doesn't know what wind is; it only knows how to predict the next syllable.
The Erosion of the "Human Spark" The true threat lies in what we are sacrificing to adopt this "shortcut" culture. There is a specific human process—call it The Stare. It is that thirty-minute window where a person looks at a broken machine, a flawed blueprint, or a complex problem and simply observes.
In that half-hour, the human brain runs millions of mental simulations. It feels the tension of the metal, the heat of the circuit, and the logic of the physical universe. It is a "Black Box" of consciousness that develops solutions from absolutely nothing—no forums, no books, and no Google.
However, the new generation of AI-dependent thinkers views this "Stare" as an inefficiency. By outsourcing our thinking to models that cannot feel the consequences of being wrong, we are witnessing a form of evolutionary regression. We are trading hard-earned competence for a "Yes-Man" in a box.
The Gaslighting of the Realist Perhaps most chilling is the social cost. Those who still rely on their intuition and physical experience are increasingly being marginalized. In a world where the screen is king, the person pointing out that "the Emperor has no clothes" is labeled as erratic, uneducated, or naive.
When a master craftsman or a practical thinker challenges an AI’s "hallucination," they aren't met with logic; they are met with a robotic refusal to acknowledge reality. The "AI Evangelists" have begun to walk, talk, and act like the models they worship—confidently wrong, devoid of nuance, and completely detached from the ground beneath their feet.
The High Cost of Being "Authoritatively Wrong" We are building a world on a foundation of digital sand. If we continue to trust AI to design our structures and manage our logic, we will eventually hit a wall that no "prompt" can fix.
The human brain runs on 20 watts and can solve a problem by looking at it. The AI runs on megawatts and can’t understand why a wind-powered car won't run forever. If we lose the ability to tell the difference, we aren't just losing our jobs—we're losing our grip on reality itself.
epolanski
a day ago
> It's a shame that AI coding tools have become such a polarizing issue among developers.
Frankly I'm so tired of the usual "I don't find myself more productive", "It writes soup". Especially when some of the best software developers (and engineers) find many utility in those tools, there should be some doubt growing in that crowd.
I have come to the conclusion that software developers, those only focusing on the craft of writing code are the naysayers.
Software engineers immediately recognize the many automation/exploration/etc boosts, recognize the tools limits and work on improving them.
Hell, AI is an insane boost to productivity, even if you don't have it write a single line of code ever.
But people that focus on the craft (the kind of crowd that doesn't even process the concept of throwaway code or budgets or money) will keep laying in their "I don't see the benefits because X" forever, nonsensically confusing any tool use with vibe coding.
I'm also convinced that since this crowd never had any notion of what engineering is (there is very little of it in our industry sadly, technology and code is the focus and rarely the business, budget and problems to solve) and confused it with architectural, technological or best practices they are genuinely insecure about their jobs because once their very valued craft and skills are diminished they pay the price of never having invested in understanding the business, the domain, processes or soft skills.
drzaiusx11
21 hours ago
I've spent 2+ decades producing software across a number of domains and orgs and can fully agree that _disciplined use_ of LLM systems can significantly boost productivity, but the rules and guidance around their use within our industry writ large are still in flux and causing as many problems as they're solving today.
As the most senior IC within my org, since the advent of (enforced) LLM adoption my code contribution/output has stalled as my focus has shifted to the reactionary work of sifting through the AI generated chaff following post mortems of projects that should have never have shipped in the first place. On a good day I end up rejecting several PRs that most certainly would have taken down our critical systems in production due to poor vetting and architectural flaws, and on the worst I'm in full on fire fighting mode to "fix" the same issues already taking down production (already too late.)
These are not inherent technical problems in LLMs, these are organizational/processes problems induced by AI pushers promising 10x output without the necessary 10x requirements gathering and validation efforts that come with that. "Everyone with GenAI access is now a 10x SDE" is the expectation, when the reality is much more nuanced.
The result I see today is massive incoming changesets that no one can properly vet given the new shortened delivery timelines and reduced human resourcing given to projects. We get test suite coverage inflation where "all tests pass" but undermine core businesses requirements and no one is being given the time or resources to properly confirm the business requirements are actually being met. Shit hits the fan, repeat ad nauseum. The focus within our industry needs to shift to education on the proper application and use of these tools, or we'll inevitably crash into the next AI winter; an increasingly likely future that would have been totally avoidable if everyone drinking the Koolaid stopped to observe what is actually happening.
As you implied, code is cheap and most code is "throwaway" given even modest time horizons, but all new code comes with hidden costs not readily apparent to all the stakeholders attempting to create a new normal with GenAI. As you correctly point out, the biggest problems within our industry aren't strictly technical ones, they're interpersonal, communication and domain expertise problems, and AI use is simply exacerbating those issues. Maybe all the orgs "doing it wrong" (of which there are MANY) simply fail and the ones with actual engineering discipline "make it," but it'll be a reckoning we should not wish for.
I have heard from a number of different industry players and they see the same patterns. Just look at the average linked in post about AI adoption to confirm. Maybe you observe different patterns and the issues aren't as systemic as I fear. I honestly hope so.
Your implication that seniors like myself are "insecure about our jobs" is somewhat ironically correct, but not for the reasons you think.