Iran's internet blackout may become permanent, with access for elites only

332 pointsposted 9 hours ago
by siev

193 Comments

mahdi7d1

7 hours ago

I've been moderately happy this morning to find out I can open hackernews. Also Gmail is working. After attempting to get bridges using email and configuring an dozen of them I got 100% connection but then it disconnected without me being able to connect to anything. I would assume some sort of tunneling must be possible cause the services available are varied and not limited to a few websites (We only had access to Google Search for about a week and nothing before that) now even Nintendo Store opened to my complete surprise.

SturgeonsLaw

5 hours ago

Is there anything people outside Iran can spin up in order to get more routes out?

_ink_

5 hours ago

I there anything the outside world can do? Like are the people relying on https://snowflake.torproject.org/ and adding bandwidth there actually makes a difference?

mohsen1

5 hours ago

Unfortunately if it's public the government can also see it and block it :(

direwolf20

2 hours ago

Snowflake aims to make every IP address a Tor bridge. It hides Tor traffic inside something very similar to a video call, which works in a browser behind NAT.

gambutin

5 hours ago

Glad to see you here.

I’m almost afraid to ask but how are you and everyone else?

mahdi7d1

3 hours ago

I use this same username everywhere and it's tied to my identity so let me keep it brief. I live in a small town and you wouldn't get much protesting or any political activity in those.

On the other hand, I'm currently serving in the police force (Which all able bodied men of age have to do and serve in one of the three armed forces of my country) and the bigger question since the start of the protests has been "What to do if I was put in a position against people?"

Thankfully that hasn't happened yet but still there is a feeling of being stuck between a rock and a hard place.

mabedan

an hour ago

Brother, maybe make a new username...

thomassmith65

3 hours ago

That is a nightmare. Hopefully events play out such that you can stay true to your conscience.

weikju

9 hours ago

… while every other country waits to see how it goes while drafting plans to emulate this

dragonelite

38 minutes ago

The global cybersphere will split up, the west and other parties have shown they will use social media networks to organize regime change and take over legitimate protests.

Especially now that China is taking an ever increasing share of the global information streams. Given the increased panicked the US had about tiktok. Showing the result of the western sponsored genocide in Gaza. They had to enforce ownership handover of tiktok US to a group of US based entities.

So i wouldn't be surprised US internet sphere will shrink over time now that China can go on the offensive in the cyber-realm.. The components are already in place just pull the switch so cloudflare has to regulate who gets in and who gets out.

dybber

9 hours ago

That would really boost productivity! Not gonna happen.

direwolf20

2 hours ago

Which country cares about productivity, besides China?

ajsnigrutin

9 hours ago

I mean... EU already blocks eg. some russian sites (some countries more effectively than others)... plus all the chat control pressures every year.

Spain is blocking whole blocks of internet during football matches.

UK is making you "show your ID card" to jerk off.

But every such country likes pointing fingers at others, "hey, our censorship is not bad, they have more of it!".

edit: considering the downvotes, HN is not bothered by our censorship either

walletdrainer

9 hours ago

> UK is making you "show your ID card" to jerk off.

There are no ID cards in the UK, so you actually have to get a special jerking off loicense.

isoprophlex

6 hours ago

I remember giggling at those "oi you got a loicense for that m8??!" memes. Funny, maybe, but not to be taken seriously.

Fast forward less than ten years, and here we are.

nicoburns

an hour ago

There are passports and driving licenses which are the de facto forms of ID in the UK (there are technically other valid forms of ID for at least some purposes, but almost nobody uses them). ~85% of UK residents have a passport.

bluescrn

2 hours ago

> There are no ID cards in the UK

Not physical cards, but a digital ID system is on the way :(

avhception

5 hours ago

I remember a popular "greentext" specifically about this...

lifestyleguru

8 hours ago

What if someone is not a certified wanker?

reactordev

8 hours ago

Head down to your local Tory office and prove it.

jamesbelchamber

6 hours ago

The wanker licensing board defected to Reform last week

perihelions

4 hours ago

An even more apt analogy is France in New Caledonia. Back in 2024, the French territorial government used an anti-terrorism law to enforce DNS blocks in that overseas territory, for the express purpose of suppressing political protests (by New Caledonians angry at the French mainland government).

> "Philippe Gomes, the former president of New Caledonia's government, told POLITICO the decision aimed to stop protesters from "organizing reunions and protests" through the app."

[0] https://www.politico.eu/article/french-tiktok-ban-new-caledo...

This is the only example I'm aware of (are there others?) of a Western government effecting internet censorship to suppress protests. (Though the article also mentions Macron considering (but rejecting) the same idea in France, to suppress protests following a police shooting. See also[1])

[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36599726 ("Macron floats social media cuts during riots", 105 comments)

edit: There was also an incident in San Francisco way back in 2011,

[2] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=2879546 ("San Francisco Subway Muzzles Cell Service During Protest", 113 comments)

otherme123

4 hours ago

> Spain is blocking whole blocks of internet during football matches.

Lets make this clear: "Spain" is not blocking, some ISP companies which have many users ask the judge for permission to block IP ranges because they are streaming football matches. The judge agrees (they don't seem to know how Cloudflare works), so the ISPs are the ones that are blocking their own users to access sites behind Cloudflare. As they have millions of users, the block feels huge, but it is not issued by the government.

I am not a customer of those ISP, so my internet isn't disrupted at all during football matches. Some services, like annas-archive and torrent sites, are intermittently blocked, but you can easily avoid the blocks just by switching DNS server to 1.1.1.1 or 8.8.8.8.

pezgrande

3 hours ago

The fact they allow this sh*t even when it is widely know that is happening and being abused, makes the government also responsible because inaction.

JasonADrury

2 hours ago

This is not even close to true. The Spanish state is mandating that ISPs implement these blocks or face significant penalties, up to and including imprisonment of responsible individuals.

Yes, technically "Spain" is not blocking. ISPs are. It is however the armed agents of "Spain", who will come and violently lock you in a tiny room if you refuse to do as you're told. If you try to resist hard enough, they will simply execute you on the spot.

baxtr

an hour ago

Downvotes might happen because your comment reads one-sided.

What about Russia blocking sites?

As of late 2025 and early 2026, Russia has blocked numerous foreign communication, social media, and information services, restricting platforms like WhatsApp, Telegram (partially), Signal, Viber, FaceTime, Snapchat, Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube. Many independent news, VPN services, and foreign websites (e.g., Chess.com) are also inaccessible

ajsnigrutin

30 minutes ago

But that's my point exactly.... do you consider this to be a good thing? Should EU behave the same as russia or iran? Should those two countries be an "excuse" for us to do it too (hey! russia does it too!)? Should the police in eg. Brussles start shooting at protesting farmers and say "what about iran, they're killing their protesters too!"?

If we consider russia bad for doing those blocks above, then we should consider EU being bad when they do it for us.

bananasandrice

31 minutes ago

> edit: considering the downvotes, HN is not bothered by our censorship either

Ofc not, b/c techbros gonna techbro. "Why can't we just <insert some technical BS>?"

Socialists, Liberals, and Techbros, that's HN.

buzzerbetrayed

9 hours ago

Why during football matches?

ajsnigrutin

9 hours ago

So people wouldn't stream the games ilegally... the private entity that owns the rights to broadcasting the games can arbitrarily ban whole subnets.

the end result is well... not good:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45323856

sigmar

8 hours ago

A company using legal action to protect their IP rights is so different from a theocratic dictatorship shutting down the entire Internet to prevent their overthrow. Perhaps you don't follow the news about Iran but these comments are incredibly daft.

freetanga

6 hours ago

The problem itself is not IP protection…. They tried that, and were always chasing behind - servers changed week after week, ban after ban.

So, misteriously (suspicions of bribery abound) now they block full blocks of internet preventively, bringing down innocent and paying customers with them. From Law Enforcement to privatized Minority Report.

Thats what people dislike. If you are a private entity and loose money to piracy, use the legal framework to solve it. Don’t override it with lobbying

lukan

5 hours ago

You don't see a problem if private companies get the right to decide who to block from the internet, without any process?

direwolf20

2 hours ago

That's freedom of market. You need to sue your ISP for contract breach, they said they'd provide internet access and didn't.

lukan

an hour ago

That market is not really free, but government regulated and mandated and the government says they are fine to do this (as far as I know, I do not live in spain).

ajsnigrutin

8 hours ago

But that's even worse... Iran is a stuck up country with huge political issues, internal and external pressures, outside countries attacking it while internally they're at the cusp of a civil war. Of course they'll shut down the internet, what else do you expect them to do? It's not like they have many options, nor the government trying to stay in power and crush a coup, even if that means blocking the internet, nor the people who are protesting against it and risking their lives.

But EU countries should be a bastion of freedom, free speech, free access to information, democracy, human rights, rights to this, rights to that... Why do we, the EU countries have to use the same playbook? Yes, banning the whole internet is in one way worse and in other easier, than just banning a list of sites where people can find a way around it, but again, the difference is just in the quantity, the censorship factor is the same. The government gets scared people will see some other propaganda from the other side, and censors it... and even that is done very selectively (daily mail is still accessible from over here, so are fox news and cnn)

With spain it's even worse, because it's not even the government doing it, but the government giving the right of censorship to a private company which clearly abuses that right and the government tolerates this... no court orders, no judges, no way to complain, no fair use, no nothing, a private company decides and the government gives them a blank stamped paper to aprove that.

Yes, i know iran has it much worse, but there's nothing we can do about it here, assuming the internet is banned for iranians and they can't read this or comment here. But EU is doing the same, and we've been tolerating it for years... a site here, a site there,... not everything, but censorship is still censorship, no matter how many sites are censored, and there are people from EU here that should argue against censorship, even if it's just a few sites and not all of them.

FilosofumRex

8 hours ago

Iran is not a dictatorship, but a republic with thousands of MPs since 1905 and 8 elected presidents since 1979. It subsidize basic needs of its poorer citizens, such as fuel, bread, housing, education and healthcare.

Perhaps, you prefer Arabia, UAE or Israel's internet and find it more to your liking

breppp

7 hours ago

A republic with a supreme religious leader who actually decides everything, that fakes elections and has a council of religious leaders that can disqualify any candidate

that's without even talking about killing 30,000-40,000 citizens for wanting their rights

> It subsidize basic needs of its poorer citizens, such as fuel, bread, housing, education and healthcare.

I'd start with supplying basic needs like water and electricity.

The actual subsidizing is for the IRGC which steals whatever they can get their hands on so they can be counted on to mass slaughter the people

21asdffdsa12

an hour ago

Do not forget funding widespread proxxy wars and terrorism in the region, although that game has many players: Qatar, UAE, Turkey, Egypt..

noduerme

4 hours ago

>> Arabia, UAE or Israel's internet

You mean the internet?

hagbard_c

5 hours ago

Iran is a democratic republic just like the 'democratic peoples republic' of North Korea is, i.e. not at all. It is remarkable how often entities which use the term 'democratic' do not live up to the concept it refers to

direwolf20

2 hours ago

The rule is that the more times "people" appears in a country's name, the less free it is. The DPRK has it three times - in Greek, English, and Latin.

orwin

5 hours ago

Khomenei is called the "supreme leader" since 89. His predecessor betrayed his allies by wording a referendum for the abolition of the monarchy weirdly, making it instead about the installation of a theocracy.

(i don't want to make it overly political, but once again the historical materialist offshots of the revolutionary groups are the only ones who understood the betrayal and called a boycott of this referendum. Please listen to marxists when they're in a coup, they are so used to betrayal they'll see it comming)

hagbard_c

4 hours ago

It was the same "Marxists" who helped Khomeini gain power so by all means observe Marxists but only to understand where they are trying to lead society so you can be ready to limit the amount of damage they'll do. Lenin is supposed to have called these people 'useful idiots', useful to create societal upheaval because they are so easy to lead and eager to follow but for that same reason they should be neutralised once the Party has gained power. Lenin and Stalin tended to just kill them or sent them into the GULAG, Mao sent them to the countryside, Khomeini followed Lenin and Stalin in getting rid of the Marxist students who helped push the revolution.

31337Logic

9 hours ago

Yeah, you're right. It's totally fair to compare how the EU treats its people to how Iran is treating its people right now. Good job. :-/

breppp

7 hours ago

it's a very weird kind of propaganda I see a lot of lately.

Everything is the same and comparable never mind how hyperbolic. Doubt it? be showered with cherry picked micro facts that on the surface are similar.

This rests on the fact that in order to establish a big picture you have to take small facts and agree on the big picture, and that leap from small and verifiable to large and analytic is the place you can inject faith and emotion

Nursie

7 hours ago

This seems to happen a lot.

The UK is doing some shitty stuff and a man was arrested for wearing a “Plasticine Action” t-shirt a few weeks ago, “Palestine Action” being a proscribed group in the UK, and showing support being an offence. When the mistake was realised he was released after a few hours with an apology.

These things are objectively terrible, shouldn’t be happening. The UK government is under popular and legal pressure to un-proscribe the group as hundreds (thousands?) have been arrested and charged.

But it is not the same as someone being ‘disappeared’ in South American dictatorships, where they would be taken and denied process for years if not killed outright. Yet people here drew that comparison. He was arrested for inconvenient speech! It’s the same! And then I came under fire for defending the actions of the UK, having done nothing of the sort.

It’s really weird to watch.

netsharc

3 hours ago

But defending the arrest of the man with "Plasticine Action" t-shirt as a mistake (only realized after a "few" hours, god damn!), is god damn ridiculous.

About 2 decades ago I read an article about how bureucracies don't even allow for humor any more, e.g. even clearly joking about having a bomb in the airport is now taboo. Something about rigid inhumane inflexible rules, in my vague memory of that article.

Where airport security has to examine babies for terrorist motives, because it's written in the rules, fuck human reasoning!

Heh in my own estimation arresting supporters of Palestine Action for peacefully protesting is already too close to Iranian autocracy ideal and too far from a "democratic country" ideal which the UK used to be...

Nursie

3 hours ago

Who’s defending it?

It’s awful that they’re arresting people with “Palestine Action” t-shirts too. It’s just not the same thing as actually disappearing people.

That's the point of this thread, no? Things can be bad in different ways and to different degrees.

If I say I don't like the way you just spoke about my sister and punch you in the gut, that's a pretty shitty thing to do.

If I say I don't like the way you just spoke about my sister and cut your throat then bury your body in the forest, I would like to think we can agree that's worse.

stereolambda

3 hours ago

I would see it as moving the baseline, which Europe and (more historically) UK was for many people in civil rights area. If we just say that authoritarian countries are still worse, this partly implies that what Western countries are doing is becoming acceptable, as long as it is still "better" or "less bad".

The important point is, if the erosion of civil liberties continues, these governments are losing their high ground. They must stop.

As in the Cold War, I would give an allowance for the West to still be preferable (modulo strict rights record) if they actually muster some sort of power to confront tyranny. But if the rulers only want cheap rhetoric wins, no.

vintermann

2 hours ago

It's not literally the same of course. But you should wonder, how much of the difference is due just differences in how much they need to do?

If South American dictatorships could have their way with less blood and less noise, don't you think they would prefer that?

I'm reminded of a tragicomic recent admission from Nate Silver of 538 fame. He said Disney almost never interfered in their editorial process, as if that was a good thing. What that really meant, after all, was that Disney was perfectly willing to interfere in their editorial process, but almost never felt the need to. (As you would expect. I mean, why would Disney care about political polling?)

Could it similarly be that the UK government is perfectly willing to engage in brutal political suppression, but rarely has a need to? In that case maybe people are right to sound the alarm even though we haven't reached South American dictatorship levels yet.

Nursie

2 hours ago

I mean, given that is hasn't worked and hundreds of people have continued to stand up and be arrested for supporting Palestine Action, I'd say that's a no?

It still stinks through and through of course.

vintermann

2 hours ago

It hasn't worked in changing policy, or meaningfully changing who's in charge. Currently the government is getting its way with this sufficient level of brutality.

I think it's likely they will get still more scared that they won't, and ramp up the brutality accordingly.

The path forward is clear: Reform gets into power, builds their own paramilitary "immigration enforcement" groups a la ICE, and you get the occasional summary execution in the streets, along with arrests based on UKs unmatched surveillance system.

roenxi

6 hours ago

The people complaining probably live in the UK or are related to it somehow. Then it would make sense that they are more worried about authoritarianism in the UK rather than in South America.

And even if the man was wearing a proper "Palestine Action" shirt that'd still be pretty concerning. It is an insane stretch to say that wearing a shirt represents a matter for police action. How far the world has moved on from when the UK could be considered a forward-thinking bastion of liberalism.

Nursie

5 hours ago

The people complaining were American AFAICT and weren’t worried by either, they were just drawing hyperbolic equivalences between suppression of speech and state orchestrated mass kidnapping and murder.

roenxi

5 hours ago

If we're talking about the Palestine Action shirt, Israel is defending against accusations [0] that they are genocidal. The police action of the UK seems like it could be pretty easily construed as suppression of speech in support of state orchestrated mass kidnapping and murder on a concerning scale.

Whatever is happening in SA might be as bad, I suppose, but I don't speak Spanish or have any family connection there so I'm not going to look it up. Although if they're genocidal then they should stop too, should that need to be said.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa's_genocide_case_a...

Nursie

4 hours ago

The example given was of a man in a “Plasticine Action” t-shirt, with the poster saying how that man was “disappeared” by the British state when he was briefly arrested and released.

If you’re not aware of the history of people being disappeared by states such as Chile under Pinochet, or more broadly what it means for a state to disappear someone, that’s kinda on you.

Either way these are not equivalent actions.

Yes, it’s suppression of free speech in a chilling manner. I hate it. No, it’s not the same as suppressing that speech by taking someone and holding them in a secret prison for years and/or killing them.

DrScientist

3 hours ago

> No, it’s not the same as suppressing that speech by taking someone and holding them in a secret prison for years and/or killing them.

Sure. Though in the UK I give you Julian Assange - 5 years in BellMarsh, mostly in total isolation as if he was some major threat.

vintermann

2 hours ago

And one thing Assange used to say over and over again, was that he was inspired by government attempts to suppress WikiLeaks releases, because that was evidence that they feared the information in them could actually change things. This is pretty much also the main thesis of Chomsky, and many other western dissidents (and some others too, e.g. Ai Weiwei): our leaders are as unaccountable and willing to use brutality as any dictatorship, they just have less reason to.

direwolf20

2 hours ago

Because we already obey them more than Iranians obey Iran.

Nursie

2 hours ago

Sure, and his treatment has been awful in so many ways.

I'm honestly not trying to defend any action by any state in this thread, I'm not trying to say that the UK is better than any other state. I'm not trying to make any point at all beyond using a specific example in agreeing with the comments above mine that "Everything is the same and comparable never mind how hyperbolic."

But it seems to be construed as if I am, no matter how much I agree that the actions we're talking about are terrible. People come back and tell me the UK is bad and I should feel bad for defending it. I know right! And if I was I would!

I must admit I find the whole thing very frustrating.

DrScientist

2 hours ago

The problem is you have to fight for these things every generation.

It's a mistake to take things like trial by jury, open justice ( not secret courts ), non-arbitrary detention, even regular elections for granted.

I totally agree with you that the UK is not Iran and there is too much hyperbole - but at the same time the current government is trying to criminalise legitimate protest, cancelling elections and trying to remove trial by jury for a substantial set of things ( the ultimate protection against an authoritarian state ).

As an example, it's very telling that the government ensured that in all the Assange legal proceedings it never went before a jury.

The current government creating all these precedents, in the shadow of the prospect of a potential Reform government is something I think we should all be concerned about.

Nursie

37 minutes ago

Tell me about it, that Jury thing in particular was shocking to hear, that they’re considering throwing aside an ancient right in the name of expediency and clearing a backlog, as if it was a minor detail and not the basis of the system of justice.

DrScientist

13 minutes ago

Especially since there is no evidence that it's the presence of juries is the cause of the backlog.

The idea that the state can deprive you of your freedom for a sentence likely to be less than 3 years without the chance to be tried before you peers, is worrying.

Note is was six months before Nov 2024, it's 12 months now and they are looking to extend to 3 years! ( or more - given the word: likely ).

Juries are not an administrative inconvenience or process inefficiency.

The current legal reform seems to be operating on the assumption that the defendent is guilty - rather thana resumption of innocence.

Better to let the guilty to go free, than imprison the innocent.

roenxi

3 hours ago

I mean, you bought up an example of a man being dragged off the streets of the UK for (1) trying to express support for playdough and (2) being suspected of undermining support for genocide.

I have relatives in the UK, right now. And after this conversation I'm now more concerned for them than I was this morning, and I can make some educated guesses about why ol' mate didn't want to talk to you about Pinochet, who Wikipedia suggests died 20 years ago. Sounds like something is going on in the UK right now.

I mean, seriously, I have left-wing family members who might be travelling to the UK this year. Is there some sort of guide to what political t-shirts will get them arrested?

Nursie

3 hours ago

This feels disingenuous on your part now and is in fact exhibiting the exact problem brought up in the thread.

You’re not being asked to feel better about the UK! If you didn’t know about this stuff and you feel worse about the UK, good, you probably should!

But you are being asked to see a difference in degree between:

  Someone speaks out about human rights abuses and murder sanctioned by the state, and is arrested, then later released with an apology.

  Someone speaks out about human rights abuses and murder sanctioned by the state, and is arrested, their arrest is denied by the state and they turn up several years later in a mass grave.
You’re telling me those are the same thing?

> I mean, seriously, I have left-wing family members who might be travelling to the UK this year. Is there some sort of guide to what political t-shirts will get them arrested?

“Palestine Action” is currently a proscribed organisation. They are proscribed because some of them are alleged to have fucked with some fighter jets and done some other illegal direct action stuff.

So currently it’s illegal to show support for that specific group.

There are open court challenges to the whole situation, and many hundreds of people are awaiting trial for continuing to show support to the group after the proscription. The whole thing is a shitshow.

But you can (AFAICT) support Palestine and Palestinian people as much as you like, you’re just not allowed to wave “Palestine Action” flags or t-shirts around.

ajsnigrutin

9 hours ago

I live in EU and I oppose internet cenorship, privacy invasion and many other bad things the governments have been doing for years now.

I can't do anything about iran, i don't live there, neither does anyone else commenting here it seems... but many of us do live in EU, and are bothered by EU doing the same thing as iran, even if it's on a smaller scale (for now). You can't support censorship at home and then act outraged when someone else just implements more of it... even though some do, as long as the censored things are the things they personally don't like.

To be fair, i'm more worried about UK, since it's a "test ground" to see how things work before the bad thing are implemented elsewhere, but either way, in my small country we have a saying, that "people should first sweep infront of their own doorways", and yeah, EU and our censorship is my doorway in this case.

TLDR: if we're bothered by internet censorship, we should first stop at 'at home'.

Flatterer3544

6 hours ago

If not for EU there would already be multiple states with privacy invasive systems seen in UK.. We are close of getting there and they keep on trying, but so far the blocking states are enough as majority.

Sure EU has some fkn horrible sides to it, such as the anonymous vote to get big stuff through when a majority should be enough as democracy depicts, but currently 2 states out of all EU states can block the big decisions...

ericmay

2 hours ago

> I can't do anything about iran, i don't live there

You also don’t live in the United States, or in Israel or Palestine but folks tend to forget that it seems.

But you can do something anyway which is to be aware of the atrocities committed by Iran’s regime, make sure your government is aware of your opinion, you can protest outside the Iranian embassy in your country, help Iranian dissidents, help Iranians find sneaky ways to get internet access, &c.

I’m not expecting anyone to do those things but I find this “I don’t live there” argument continue to creep up whenever it comes to Iran but it never enters conversation when it comes to specific other countries.

> TLDR: if we're bothered by internet censorship, we should first stop at 'at home'.

Sure but you don’t have to focus on one issue at a time. Honestly resorting Internet access in Iran is probably more important than whatever rules and things the EU is implementing because in Iran people are actually dying and you can always change the EU rules back through democratic processes.

ajsnigrutin

15 minutes ago

But what can you do for iran? I mean... we can type text on forums and sites like this, that no one in iran can see... and in the meantime, EU will push for another chat control, some new "think of the children" thing will happen, suddenly the "show your real-identity ID to watch at porn" will turn into "show your ID to register on reddit".

On the other hand, there are many people from EU here who need to hear it, that EU is doing the same as iran... censoring websites and more (IDs, chat control,...). Yes, maybe not at the same level, less sites are censored here, but censorship is still censorship, and the trend is going towards more control and more censorship.

United states, israel (and palestine), etc. are different. Are we bothered by what israel is doing in palestine? Yes! (some of us). Can we actually do something about it? Sure... the germans can tell their government to stop selling weapons to israel [0], we can implement sanctions, tarrifs, etc. This is something that we can do "at home", something that can make some change. We did that for russia, we did that for iran, north korea etc (at various times and various levels), but we did something. We didn't really do that (at least not at scale) for isreal. US is doing that to us (EU) with tarrifs every two weeks, but we didn't really properly respond, even under the threat of an invasion on greenland.

Yes, restricted internet in iran is bad, but we can't stop it. Sadly, changing back EU rules is similarly hard to do, which again, is something that should be fixed, by us, at home.

[0] https://www.dw.com/en/war-in-gaza-germany-supplies-30-of-isr...

nroets

35 minutes ago

Here's crazy idea: Instead of the US spending all this money on restraining the Iranian government through military build ups and sanctions, rather drop hundreds of thousands of Starlink kits by drones.

Then Iranians will continue to be reminded of the freedoms most other Muslims enjoy: As in free speech and free trade.

One of the reasons the Berlin wall fell was that East Europeans saw on TV that how prosperous Western Europe became.

stratocumulus0

15 minutes ago

One major difference is that it was extremely difficult to leave Eastern Europe. Borders with the West were fortified and even in the unlikely event of getting a visa issued, the government would make sure that your loved ones were left behind, forcing you to eventually come back.

The citizens of Iran, in turn, are free to leave the country as they wish. In fact, the official policy is that if you don't like it here, then you are are supposed to move out.

michelsedgh

8 hours ago

They already have uncensored unfiltered sim cards they issue to their own people, we found that out when X (Twitter) started showing which country you made the accout from and thousands of people had Iran which normal people can't access X without VPN. Its just that they shut off the internet for normal people now, which they hadn't done before.

yolkedgeek

7 hours ago

No, This is different.

In "normal" filtering situations, we can connect to most VPNs and do our stuff. When blackouts like these happen, EVERYTHING is blocked. It gets almost impossible to connect to a VPN. They have advanced tech that detects and blocks all VPNS and proxies. The internet speed is also now at crawling speed so you really can't upload download anything.

Also, in each blackout, people find ways to work around the censorship. And each time, they detect them and patch them. We have almost ran out of ways to prevent the censorship now.

j3th9n

6 hours ago

LoRa Meshcore.

tryauuum

2 hours ago

How will this help connecting to the internet?

ranguna

4 hours ago

Isn't that easy to jam?

mrtksn

9 hours ago

Do they have something like intranet with some local services, like in DPRK&Cuba? is this the case of completely losing connection and devices practically bricked for anything other than displaying the time?

siev

8 hours ago

We do. It's not very good. As in, there isn't even a properly functioning domestic search engine that can match the quality of anything past AltaVista. The only local platforms worth a damn are the ones you'd be using anyway. (the local equivalents to Uber, Maps etc.)

All other platforms (instant messengers, social media, news) are massively unpopular for being horrid to use at best, and government spyware at worst.

To slow down the immediate damage the government has rolled back a few of the recent restrictions, hence why I can access HN. Among Google and a handful of other basic websites. But they are obviously experimenting and trying to figure out how much censorship they can get away with. There is talk of a planned "whitelisting" of the country's internet. Where almost all but a few big important services are blocked completely. This would have the bonus effect of making circumvention using VPNs and other methods even more difficult than it already is.

breppp

8 hours ago

for someone with a tech background, how hard is it to setup your own tunnel? I'd assume cloud providers are whitelisted due to economic reasons?

e-khadem

7 hours ago

Lol. That was _before_ these new restrictions. And don't assume that you could setup a simple wireguard server and be done with it. No, it had to be a proper low fingerprint method (e.g., you had to hide the tls-in-tls timing pattern and do traffic shaping). Now, something like dnstt sometimes works, sometimes doesn't. You may be able to open gmail in 10 minutes if it does, and you explicitly have to block the fonts.

yard2010

6 hours ago

Dam I feel so sorry for you :( At first I thought like gp, bypass it, then I realized you don't have the privilege to bypass it and leave trails behind. It's not like using a vpn to watch netflix of another country, as netflix won't knock on your door.

I wish you all the best. Stay safe my friend.

N19PEDL2

6 hours ago

> it had to be a proper low fingerprint method (e.g., you had to hide the tls-in-tls timing pattern and do traffic shaping).

Can anyone recommend a good book, video course or other material to learn more about these topics?

e-khadem

5 hours ago

FOCI papers[1] are great IMO, but some of submissions are just an academic curiosity, not a practical solution that works for the average Joe at a low cost and scale. For practical methods that are heavily used, you can take a look at popular opensource implementations and their documentation. Sing-box, Xray core, hiddify (their patches on top of xray and singbox), shadowsocks and shadowtls, and many more. ShadowTLS provides a good starting point with a fairly detailed documentation and clearly describes the development process.

The way that I see it, its not just a technical problem anymore. It's about making the methods as diverse as possible and to some extent messing up the network for everyone. In other words, we should increase the cost and the collateral damage of widespread censorship. As an anecdotal data point, the network was quite tightly controlled / monitored around 2023 in Iran and nothing worked reliably. Eventually people (ab)used the network (for example the tls fragments method) to the extent that most of the useful and unrelated websites (e.g., anything behind cloudflare, most of the Hetzner IPv4 addresses, and more) stopped working or were blocked. This was an unacceptably high collateral damage for the censors (?), so they "eased" some of the restrictions. Vless and Trojan were the same at that time and didn't work or were blocked very quickly, but they started working ~reliably again until very recently.

[1] https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/

nerdsniper

5 hours ago

https://people.cs.umass.edu/~amir/papers/parrot.pdf

Here's an overview. Be warned, the conclusion is:

> We enumerate the requirements that a censorship-resistant system must satisfy to successfully mimic another protocol and conclude that “unobservability by imitation” is a fundamentally flawed approach.

haute_cuisine

4 hours ago

What about SSH? Does it work? If yes, you can use some TUI browser as it would only pass updated SSH screen

breppp

5 hours ago

sorry if it came out as patronizing, I was genuinely curious as to the difficulty of bypassing these

jobgh

9 hours ago

No shot. The economy is already in the gutter. The productivity hit of a total internet cutoff would be a death sentence

dpe82

8 hours ago

That assumes the regime cares more about the economic prosperity of their people than about staying in power. So far they seem to care more about power. North Korea provides a model for how terrible the situation can get for every day people in that sort of arrangement.

21asdffdsa12

an hour ago

The regime does not even care about the capital having water in the next month. They are basically doing pre-emptive starvation culling at this point.

halestock

8 hours ago

You can only let that go so far, because at the end of the day you need to pay the military to keep you in power.

esafak

7 hours ago

In the long run we're all dead. In the meantime, NK is still standing.

ReptileMan

2 hours ago

North Korea is effectively an island. Iran has many neighbors and long borders. They have no choice but to be at least semi integrated into the world and strong enough to defend themselves.

tdeck

8 hours ago

Some level of eonomic prosperity is necessary to keep the government's key supporters (e.g. the ruling class and the army) satisfied.

Imustaskforhelp

8 hours ago

Their economic prosperity is more linked to Oil than Internet.

Plus, the elites economic prosperity is also linked to their not being protests and for the toppling of govt to not occur and they might be willing to offset some losses to keep the average population in check

Which sucks for the average iranian but we saw how their protests were cracked down with 20-30 THOUSAND people killed and Iran hiding bodies etc.

I have heard that all shops are either shut down or running at the most minimum capacity. Economic prosperity just isn't a question now in Iran.

reeredfdfdf

6 hours ago

Yeah, foreign intervention is probably the best option at this point. If the elites are willing to murder tends of thousands of innocent people, then I see no moral issues with foreign intervention to get rid of IRGC and current government using any means necessary.

kelipso

13 minutes ago

Consent manufactured or manufacturing consent I wonder.

heraldgeezer

4 hours ago

No that is american propaganda. Glorious islamist economy is great! Look at ICE shootings instead.

bluescrn

an hour ago

And if you disagree you're a russian bot. But there wouldn't possibly be any middle-eastern bots spreading propaganda...

bpodgursky

8 hours ago

North Korea unfortunately has given them a path forward. If you're willing to murder your own citizens en masse, you can get away with about anything.

reeredfdfdf

6 hours ago

North Korea has nukes though. Iran doesn't, and probably never will.

_wire_

8 hours ago

Yes, just start small

dyauspitr

5 hours ago

I don’t think a lot of their economy depends on the internet. Even rich countries in the Middle East would continue to sell oil if the internet wasn’t functional. Might cause some logistical issues but nothing that can’t be done over the phone.

feverzsj

8 hours ago

It actually surprised me that they didn't do it before. China already achieved this in 2010s.

namirez

7 hours ago

Hard to make it airtight without tanking the economy. Since the economy is already tanked, I guess they don’t care anymore.

johncolanduoni

7 hours ago

Does the Iranian economy rely heavily on access to the global internet? They can’t trade with most of the world due to sanctions, so what in their internal economy grinds to a halt without global communications? I’m not saying I think that it wouldn’t, just that I don’t immediately grasp the mechanism.

namirez

7 hours ago

Good points! I’m not an expert, so I’ll wait for people who know more to weigh in. But as far as I know: (1) they still need to import basic necessities like food and medicine, and (2) despite heavy investment, they haven’t managed to build an intranet that’s fully isolated from the internet.

culi

8 hours ago

Have they though? Everybody I know who grew up in China has told me its trivial to bypass restrictions with VPNs

blahgeek

a few seconds ago

I guess by "Everybody I know who grew up in China" you mean those elites who speaks English and have already bypassed restrictions to talk to you online or travels to other countries. There's some selection bias here.

p0w3n3d

7 hours ago

The question is what do you win when found using VPN?

bspammer

5 hours ago

There is pretty much no risk. It’s expected you will use a VPN, you can talk about it openly in public.

Now, if you’re doing something unrelated that the administration doesn’t like, you can expect VPN use to be included in the long list of charges.

feverzsj

4 hours ago

You phone and computer will be checked thoroughly using automated tools. If they didn't find any sensitive keyword, you'll be fined and recorded in the system. If they find something, a detention for at least 3 days or ... forever.

That's the standard procedure. But polices in developed areas usually treat them like antragsdelikte(no trial without a complaint).

peyton

6 hours ago

Depending on where you are, “everybody I know who grew up in China” may not be an unbiased sample w.r.t. ideology, forthcomingness, or truth-telling.

HDThoreaun

6 hours ago

"bypass restrictions" meaning put on a list of people to closely watch.

IshKebab

4 hours ago

Apparently they use traffic analysis now so it's difficult to bypass even with VPNs.

yanhangyhy

3 hours ago

thats sad... this kind of blackout only works for china because china has a massive internal market and the gov has a way of check things like: "we know you are using VPN, but as long as you dont do or say terrible things about CCP, we dont care". so this model works.

but even with his, i still feel angry when i want to check something on google/ins...when i dont have a realiable VPN. i remeber when we start working on golang dev, and because its under google domain so many sub sites is blocked including golang ones, its very time consuming for chinese devs to develop golang projects, you have to figure out the VPN/goproxy... stuff..

dust42

5 hours ago

Prepare to go back to newsgroups with NNTP / UUCP. With today's uSD cards that should create a pretty decent, offline store and forward national discussion platform. No programming needed, it's all there already, just forgotten...

nntwozz

9 hours ago

If I were a betting man I'd wager that technological determinism wins in the end.

AndrewKemendo

8 hours ago

Do you think they have a better shot than any other country with an explicit firewall (Eritrea, China, NK, Cuba etc…)

Symbiote

6 hours ago

I don't think Cuba belongs on that list.

They have limited service because they can't afford anything better, and the USA prevents installing additional undersea cables, but only a small number of sites are blocked by Cuba itself, such as a few Spanish language news sites run by Cuban-Americans.

Many more sites are unavailable in Cuba because their USA owners refuse access to Cuba, but that's not Cuba's fault.

thrownaway0511

41 minutes ago

They could've easily invested more of that oil money they leeched from Venezuela into infrastructure. They built 1 optic fiber cable over a decade a ago, why didn't they build more all this time? It's always the imperialists fault, isn't it?

https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALBA-1

fragmede

6 hours ago

The companies block access to Cube due to sanctions, which there because of Cuba's communist government, which is their fault.

tryauuum

2 hours ago

You could've at least tried to put the blame on both parties in this scenario

cryptoegorophy

8 hours ago

Spacex satellites blockage was the surprise. How did they do it? I thought it would be the best dooms day kind of insurance. Turns out not.

m4rtink

4 hours ago

AFAIK they used GPS spoofing which confuses the Starlink terminals - they need to know where they are to properly connect to the satellites above.

This can be overriden to use "Starlink positioning" where the terminal ignores GPS signals and dtermines its position based on Starlink satellite signals. I think this is what is used in Ukraine where GPS is mostly jammed/spoofed to hell even far from the front.

The GPS positioning is the default as it is likely more user friendly/has quicker lock in normal circumstances.

Another venue of attack could be the Starlink WiFi AP included in the terminals- you could track that down.

So in general:

* switch the terminal to Starlink positioning

* disable the Starkink terminal WiFi AP and conect by ethernet or connect an AP via ethernet with a new SSID and different MAC address

And it should be good to go.

edg5000

7 hours ago

My wild guess is that jamming is local. Major cities may be fully jammed. To get an idea about GNSS jamming range (different signal of course, probably much easier to jam), there are maps online where you can see which parts of Europe are currently GNSS-jammed. But I have the same question as you.

4gotunameagain

6 hours ago

> probably much easier to jam

Definitely much easier to jam. Much higher orbits for gnss satellites, much lower signal intensity.

Also, starlink uses phased arrays with beamforming, effectively creating an electronically steerable directional antenna. It is harder to jam two directional antennas talking to each other, as your jammers are on the sides, where the lobes of the antenna radiation pattern are smaller.

Still, we're talking about signals coming from space, so maybe it is just enough to sprinkle more jammers in an urban setting.. I'm curious as well.

fc417fc802

4 hours ago

Supposedly it's high packet loss but still available to at least some extent. Or at least it was initially? Really highlights the importance of low bandwidth P2P capable messaging systems that support caching messages for later delivery as well as multiple underlying transports.

DeathArrow

6 hours ago

You can jam the satellites, you can jam the receivers and you can jam GPS.

alephnerd

8 hours ago

RF and GPS jamming has been a solved problem for decades. As a SWE, we are all expected to take Physics E&M, Circuits, and CompArch in our CS undergrad - think back to those classes.

merelythere

7 hours ago

Genuine question, is it that easy to deploy these tools over a country that big?

alephnerd

7 hours ago

Yes in most population centers. Any country that has the ability to stand up a cellular network has the ability to deploy jamming at scale.

The components needed to build jammers and EW systems have been heavily commodified for a decade now (hell, your phone's power brick, car, and TV all have dual use components for these kinds of applications), and most regional powers have been working on compound semiconductors and offensive electronic warfare for almost a generation now.

fc417fc802

5 hours ago

I don't think it's as easy as you're suggesting. GPS L1 jamming has been done routinely enough but the satellite bands (X/Ku/Ka) appear to be much more difficult to pull off.

Iran was reported to have mobile units with a fairly short range that constantly roamed around, only hitting 2 of the 3 bands (Ku/Ka). They're also reported to have received mobile Russian military units capable of jamming all 3 (X/Ku/Ka) over a much wider area. (I'm not actually clear the extent to which X band is associated with either Starlink or Starshield. Starshield also reportedly operates to at least some extent in parts of the S band. [0])

So the technology clearly exists but it doesn't seem to be something you can trivially throw together in your basement. That's quite unlike (for example) a cell phone jammer which a hobbyist can cheaply and easily assemble at home. I assume the extreme directional specificity of the antennas plays a large part in that.

[0] https://www.npr.org/2025/10/17/nx-s1-5575254/spacex-starshie...

askvictor

3 hours ago

Couldn't they target each starlink satellite for jamming as it flies overhead? The sat would still send fine, but you could effectively kill the antenna?

fc417fc802

3 hours ago

I guess (non-expert understanding) that it depends on how tight the beamforming is (relative to the distance of the jammer from a given ground station) or alternatively if the jammer can prevent the satellite from successfully locating the ground station to begin with.

Departed7405

4 hours ago

I really hope the next iPhone with Satellite connectivity not limited to SOS will help for that.

At the same time, I can see Apple caving to Iran governement - or China's - and restrict this feature to countries where it is legal.

9dev

4 hours ago

Apple devices are pretty much unobtainable to most of the population of Iran due to a variety of reasons

morajabi

3 hours ago

Untrue — there is a large market for Apple devices, iPhones are super popular in Iran. Fun fact, IRL stores use iMacs because it looks good but they install Windows on them to be able to use their legacy Windows accounting software :)

littlecranky67

7 hours ago

There must be so much video footage from smartphones during the demonstations that show gruesome killings and masacres, the iranian elites have to make sure this footage never sees the rest of the world. They have to ban the internet forever.

dominicrose

4 hours ago

I don't want to believe that a government so incompetent, corrupt and cruel can continue to function. I don't trust that the rest of the world will help militarily although it's a strong possibility, but I do trust that they will continue to isolate the country. It's possible that the regime will implode simply because there is no honor among thieves.

fatherwavelet

39 minutes ago

Unfortunately, they are extremely competent at holding on to power. Inflation has been oscillating between 20% and 50% since 2019 yet here we are. It is hard to over throw the people who have all the guns.

I am usually pretty isolationist in my thinking but I really wish the US would have already invaded.

Millions of young Persians who are absolutely no different than you or I. It is now or never. If the regime can put down this uprising it is going to be hard to form another uprising for a long long time.

randomNumber7

5 hours ago

They likely try to find and remove a lot of these videos (and their owners) before turning on the internet.

tsss

9 minutes ago

They don't have to. In two weeks nobody will (pretend to) care anymore.

littlecranky67

4 hours ago

From the phones, computers, usb sticks and SD cards of millions of people?

danparsonson

2 hours ago

They certainly wouldn't be the first regime to violently suppress millions of its own people.

dist-epoch

5 hours ago

Nah, just for a year or so, after they will say all the footage is "AI generated".

aquir

5 hours ago

This should not be possible in 2026...

dist-epoch

5 hours ago

This will be entirely possible in 2027 when AI will be able to individually profile each connection for "disident" risk.

ZoomZoomZoom

3 hours ago

I've seen unconfirmed reports of strange blocking patterns in Russian Federation that suggest individual profiling has at the very least been tested already. No need to wait a year.

inlined

7 hours ago

If the weak link is GPS, could they not accept an override for the time and spherical coordinates to connect?

m4rtink

3 hours ago

It should be possible to switch the terminal to use the satellites themselves for positioning (Starlink positioning) but it needs manually switching to that option.

kumarvvr

6 hours ago

Good luck trying to take something back from the populace once already given for decades, even if it is in a limited form.

It's a desperate attempt, that really shows how cornered the administration is.

Any power that fears information, has to have a highly fine grained, high level control of information to maintain power. This is absolutely difficult, in a country as culturally diverse and with a long history as Iran.

morajabi

3 hours ago

This has been the administration's response to such events for multiple times over the last 6 years (3 times to be exact, plus during the time of war with Israel) and the claim has always been Iran wants to shutdown internet forever. But in all those cases the access was re-enabled after a few or several weeks.

Right now the internet access is widening and some areas are already back to normal internet — but it hasn't been stable over the past week. https://radar.cloudflare.com/traffic/ir

ReptileMan

2 hours ago

>Good luck trying to take something back from the populace once already given for decades, even if it is in a limited form.

Like the right to not wear scarf? Seems they had the good luck with that one.

gambutin

8 hours ago

I’m curious if it’s possible to somehow retrieve the whitelist to see who’s on it?

4gotunameagain

6 hours ago

Mossad is curious as well. They might want to indiscriminately make people's devices blow up in public again.

derektank

5 hours ago

There are a lot of words one could use to describe the Israeli pager attack on Hezbollah, but indiscriminate isn’t one that leaps to mind, particular when compared against other contemporary military strikes

4gotunameagain

2 hours ago

Comparing the lack of humanity of military strikes surely is a slippery slope.

Let me remind you that many civilians died, including two children. Don't take my word for it:

The following quote can be attributed to Lama Fakih, Middle East and North Africa Director at Human Rights Watch:

    “Customary international humanitarian law prohibits the use of booby traps – objects that civilians are likely to be attracted to or are associated with normal civilian daily use – precisely to avoid putting civilians at grave risk and produce the devastating scenes that continue to unfold across Lebanon today. The use of an explosive device whose exact location could not be reliably known would be unlawfully indiscriminate, using a means of attack that could not be directed at a specific military target and as a result would strike military targets and civilians without distinction. A prompt and impartial investigation into the attacks should be urgently conducted.”   
https://www.hrw.org/news/2024/09/18/lebanon-exploding-pagers...

random123346

7 hours ago

There is active discussion on net4people about using DNSTT, but as more of these tunnels go up, I'm sure it will be blocked.

Given the denied environment the Iranian people see themselves in. I believe its worth mentioning asynchronous networks[1].

For example, they could use NNCP[2] in sneakernet style op[3].

Couriers could even layer steganography techniques on top on the NNCP data going in and out on USB drives. This can all be done now, and doesn't require new circumvention research or tools.

NNCPNET[4] is now active which provides email over NNCP and therefore can be done completely without internet. Once a courier gets to a location that isn't as denied, they can route it over the internet via a NNCP relay. Both for getting information out, and getting data back in.

For those wanting to get information to new agencies, you should consider SecureDrop. Here[5] is a list of securedrop locations.

Like all operations, please consider your OPSEC.

Good luck

[1] www.complete.org/asynchronous-communications/

[2] www.complete.org/NNCP/

[3] www.complete.org/dead-usb-drives-are-fine-building-a-reliable-sneakernet/

[4] www.complete.org/nncpnet-email-network/

[5] https://docs.securedrop.org/en/stable/source/source.html

veqq

8 hours ago

But they unblocked it on Wed/Thur, I've been talking to friends normally since then.

namirez

8 hours ago

Astroturfing much? I haven’t been able to talk to my family for three weeks. Friends who manage to connect are hopping from one workaround to another because IPs are routinely blocked.

ReptileMan

2 hours ago

Can we cut couple of undersea cables and make it properly permanent for elites too?

hahahahhaah

8 hours ago

Can ROTW sanction Iran by giving it zero internet access even to "elites" by refusing to peer.

direwolf20

an hour ago

That will make it so much easier for the regime to suppress all communication! They'll have more resources to focus on other goals, like killing all dissenters.

vlovich123

8 hours ago

You’re proposing a world wide agreement even by their allies? Like they can just tunnel their traffic through Russia or China.

You could try to bifurcate into allied and non allied, but even that would be flawed, especially in countries like the USA where it becomes a first amendment right to try to ban such connectivity. It’s very hard to kill the Internet in terms of connecting peers - that’s kind of the point of its design.

johncolanduoni

7 hours ago

IPs owned by Iranian entities could be blocked straightforwardly by network operators at various levels. They could probably fudge the paperwork via Russian or Chinese entities and obfuscate the routes with cooperation from Russian/Chinese network operators, but that would take time.

tucnak

7 hours ago

They said "tunnel"

uwagar

3 hours ago

trump could do similar in usa one day to stop drugs and illegals...what a tragic day that'd be!

renewiltord

6 hours ago

This seems like a good idea. People often remark about the dangers of online advertising, social media, and AI. Now most Iranians will be protected from these horrific things.

Instead of being disconnected from each other and obsessed with technology perhaps they will now form pleasant relationships and have joyful interactions rather than being obsessed with TikTok.

mrexroad

6 hours ago

> perhaps they will now form pleasant relationships and have joyful interactions

You do understand what’s happening in Iran, right? Hard to take your comment seriously.

renewiltord

5 hours ago

A small price to pay, surely, to be rescued from the mind flaying less fortunate people in corporate hellholes must face daily.

Even with ublock Origin, these corporations will build a profile on me. Not so in Iran, where people can live without the watchful eye of Google looking at everything they do.

Akashic101

5 hours ago

> less fortunate people in corporate hellholes must face daily

I'm sorry but how tone-deaf can someone be? Over 12.000 people have been killed in the protests with some reports going up to 30.000 since then and here you are happy about the fact that Google cannot profile them anymore. Protesters are beeing shot on-masse in the streets and families from outside the country have no ideas if their brothers and sisters are even still alive. Have some decency.

akho

4 hours ago

You can block your own internet, if you feel that way.

CrzyLngPwd

4 hours ago

Just imagine how much we'd all get done if the internet were switched off.

samus

22 minutes ago

Switch off yours and see how well it works for you.