Here's a zoomable 3D model of the world's busiest train station, Shinjuku in Tokyo:

https://satoshi7190.github.io/Shinjuku-indoor-threejs-demo/

3.6 million passengers per day. Wikipedia:

The main East Japan Railway Company (JR East) station and the directly adjacent private railways have a total of 35 platforms, an underground arcade, above-ground arcade and numerous hallways with another 17 platforms (52 total) that can be accessed through hallways to five directly connected stations without surfacing outside. The entire above/underground complex has well over 200 exits.

This is amazing, seems really detailed and leveraging official sources too, nice job!

Since the author seems to be Catalan, I'll shamelessly plug a Metro-station-relevant event that is ongoing right now in Barcelona:

There are many "ghost" metro stations in Barcelona that been popular (at least used to) urban exploring destinations. Two of those, Gaudí and Correus, are now opening to the public via tours, if you register at https://obrimelmetro.cat

I've only visited Gaudí in a unofficial capacity like a decade ago, and haven't yet done the new tours myself so can't vouch how interesting they are, but seems there are only 5000 open spots in total. It seems like one of the tours is even during the night, so you get as close to the urban exploring experience as possible without having to run across active train tracks :)

This is so neat! I hope at some point in the future cities and/or nation-states provide real time 3d environments of their built environment, with highlights for public transit, public spaces, food, government services, etc. Like if gis systems were better standardized and have these models integrated into them.

Seattle has been a mess of last minute bus stop changes that aren't propagated to Google maps before you find yourself missing your bus. And even checking the metro page directly sometimes isn't up to date with sudden construction closures

Wow, very nice project.

The ones in Zürich are not actually metro stations. They where built to be, but then the city voted against a metro. The stations that were already built were converted into tram stations. There where some complications like that fact the the tram is almost too tall to fit. The pantograph is almost fully compressed when the tram enters the tunnel.

The trams also switch to the left side as the doors are only one side.

[1] https://cdn.dreso.com/fileadmin/_processed_/0/3/csm_Tierspit...

[2] https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tramtunnel_Milchbuck%E2%80%93S... [DE]

EDIT: spelling

This guy has spent the last 10 years drawing about 2,547 stations around the world and making 3D models available to everyone. This might be the most amazing thing I have ever seen on the internet. Kudos.

This is insane. Never saw anything like it.

One minor nitpick: zooming the map is very slow (maybe Leaflet is not the best choice?). And the main station in Paris is missing: Châtelet-Les Halles.

Other than that, incredible work!! Amazing.

Jungfernstieg station in Hamburg has its own app to navigate out of the labyrinth even, with (I suppose) official 3D model data [1].

[1]: https://zaubar.com/app?url=zaubar.dev/hochbahn?scene=010

Very impressive work. Was very saddened to see how Ukrainian Kyiv and Kharkiv stations were excluded. We have deep stations (like Arsenal'na at 105m that connects directly to the above-ground Dnipro station on a river bank), we have both Soviet-made and new stations. Also now they are doubly essential being used for both transportation and shelter during air raids by millions.

Very impressive work.

I also learned something, which I'd always wondered cynically but never thought to investigate. The walking connection between lines at some stations in Barcelona seems so long as to not make sense, but it's explained here that at the time the different lines and stations were dug and extended independently by different companies.

> Among the reasons for having such long corridors [in Barcelona] is the lack of planning or the vision of the metro network as a bunch of individual lines. As an example: line 1 and line 4 were extended to Urquinaona in 1932, but both lines were not connected until 1972, as they were originally operated by different companies.

A very cool project, and a great resource for people with reduced mobility - I semi-regularly use Transport for London's station drawings (linked on this website) over the official accessibility map, which doesn't differentiate between stairs and escalators for example.

Incredible work!

I first looked at _regular_ stations, but once I understood that it was done by a single guy, I had to look at Paris' Mordor: Châtelet.

The 3D view looks like an ants nest, as expected.

Very impressed by the work done!

This is pretty shockingly detailed. I zoomed into my city of Cologne germany thinking there'd be nothing showed here since we don't have a 'real' metro but rather a Stadtbahn system that's partially separate from the street grid and partially on the streets.

Turns out they had excellent descriptions, models and info of all of our stations.

If you want to see a ridiculous amount of escalators, take a look at the Collblanc station in Barcelona. It takes 6 escalators to transfer between the L5 and L9S lines.

Pretty impressive! Interesting shoutout to Längenfeldgasse (Vienna) for the cross-platform interchange. This is a pretty popular station to get to Schönbrunn Palace & Zoo, as such the majority of people changing stay on the platform and you really physically see the lean design in motion. This can probably only be done during the design phase otherwise to costly to ever change if it's even possible.

Holy shit! This is an incredible piece of work.

And they are almost all drawn “manually”! I am SO impressed by the dedication

> For the last 10 years I have been able to draw around 2,547 stations

> A pen, a notebook, a bit of spatial vision and the willingness to navigate all the staircases, corridors, platforms and mezzanines are enough to draw a station

> Due to the boredom provoked by the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020, I decided to digitalize all the sketches I had drawn in since the early 2010s

I was never able to build mental model of Alexanderplatz in Berlin. Most of the times was simply following the signs and yup, the layout is complicated.

There is an article in ElPais from 2020 about the author, Albert Guillaumes, and his creative process. Very interesting read! (texts are in Spanish though)

https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2020/08/20/articulo/159791558...

OMG this is amazing! I've checked my station (Velázquez - Madrid) and it is 100% accurate. Also, the 3D stations are insane! ¡Enhorabona!

Nice! Would nice to have Maashaven Rotterdam, being the highest elevated one in the Netherlands. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maashaven_metro_station

This is a remarkable feat. Amazing.

I’d like to add an interesting metric: density of subway/metro stations as measured by number of stations per square kilometer.

In European cities,

City, Metro System, Stations, City Area (km²), Density (stations/km²):

1. Paris, Metro de Paris, 244, 105, 2.32

2. Berlin, U‑Bahn only, 173, 892, ~0.19

3. London Underground (London Tube), ~270, 1,572, ~0.17

4. Madrid, Metro de Madrid, ~300, 605, ~0.50

Paris takes the lead, not just in Europe but globally, with ≈2.32 stations/km². Madrid has a dense network too (≈0.50), though well behind Paris. Berlin (U‑Bahn only) and London have much lower densities (~0.17–0.19). Rome’s iconic metro is relatively sparse in terms of station density compared to other major European and Asian cities.

Here’s how European and Asian cities stack: 1. Paris (~2.32 stations/km²) 2. Seoul (~1.27) 3. Madrid (~0.50) 4. Tokyo (~0.46) 5. London (~0.17) 6. Berlin (~0.19) 7. Hong Kong (~0.09) 8. Shanghai (~0.06) 9. Rome (~0.057)

Seoul is highest among major Asian metro systems in terms of station concentration, making it the city in Asia with the densest metro network per square kilometer. Seoul has 768 stations in its metropolitan subway system spread across the city proper area of 605 km². By comparison, Tokyo’s combined metro (Tokyo Metro + Toei) has around 286 stations over ~621 km, giving a density of about 0.46 stations/km². Beijing has 523 stations but the city covers about 16,411 km²—yielding a much lower density (~0.03 stations/km²). Shanghai’s figure fluctuates due to rapid expansions: 409 unique stations from early 2025 data.

In addition to density, another interesting metric is the number of street-level entrances (exit/entry points). Counting just stations ignores how many access points are available to the public. More entrances = better coverage, shorter walking distances, improved accessibility, especially in dense urban zones. Examples from Paris are: Saint‑Lazare station (Lines 3, 12, 13, 14) has 11 entrances. Hotel de Ville (Lines 1 & 11) has 7 entrances. Madeleine station (Lines 8, 12, 14) has 5 accesses with 7 separate entrances. Alesia station (Line 4) has 6 entrances. Opera station (Lines 3,7,8) has 3 main entrances.

On average, Paris Metro stations have approximately 3–6 street-level entrances, with major hubs having 7–11. Paris doesn’t just have many stations, it maximizes them with multiple entry points, making its system exceptionally accessible over its territory. Seoul also scores similar in accessibility due to its exit-rich stations, especially in dense areas. Other major metros (Tokyo, Madrid, London) lag when entry points are factored in.

I did not include US cities but I believe New York City might be notable.

Wow. How?

Incredibly impressive. Is there a public dataset that was used to build this?

Very nice. One nitpick: Malaga-Fuengirola C-1 line is suburban train and not metro (C stands for Cercanías)

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1laga_Metro

Warsaw Metro has 36 station but only one is included. Metro systems of Kyiv, Minsk, Saint Petersburg and Moscow are not shown at all.

Edit: Removed Vilnius as it has only plans for a metro system

Nitpick: there are a couple cities covered in North America as well, so not exactly European.

See also this 3D model of Shinjuku station, Tokyo:

https://satoshi7190.github.io/Shinjuku-indoor-threejs-demo/

I just had a quick look at a metro station I know, Sèvres Babylone in Paris, and it seems like there's a mistake in the model, adding a corridor that doesn't exist in the actual station.

Really state of the art project and available in catalan, hell yeah! Hats off

Very nice work, consider also eventually adding Athens and Thessaloniki stations.

Wow. The one relevant to me looks spot on accurate.

Well done!

Is there a reason why moscow is missing ?

Very impressive project! Congrats.

Love this project. Back in my transit blogging days, one of the themes was short and long transfers. And here this idea immediately starts surfacing just looking at the stations - the crazy mazes with long tunnels are cool to explore on paper, but suck for actual transfers. It adds slogs in the middle of the trips, and kind of discourages transit use because trips seem longer and more work.

When scrolling down, the author actually includes a long discussion on the best possible transfer layouts! Many of the terrible stations over time are of course historically grown, evolved over time, and weren't the result of some maniac evil genius deciding to create miserable transfers. Systems are built sometimes over a hundred years, so a later station is added mostly where it can fit, not a as a result of some master plan.

But there's also ways to deal with these issues, which can be found in Berlin.

1) for the recently opened "Unter den linden" station, which is a transfer between a new extension (u5) and a 100-year-old line (u6), a station on the old line was actually moved by 180m so that the transfer would be good. (That is, the old station was closed and a new station built a bit a distance away)

2) in general in Berlin, especially after WWII, a lot of the subway construction followed a very long term master plan (to the extend that West Berlin actually planned a network for all of Berlin, even though the East was in another country behind the iron curtain). When stations were built, the planners "knew" it would be a transfer some day, so they added in accomodations ("Bauvorleistung" or preparations ahead of actual construction), often whole station shells for the future line it would connect to. This resulted in a lot of short transfers even when lines were built decades apart. And it also resulted in a bunch of ghost stations, which have yet to be connected to lines.

This is impressive work!

Finally going to get a mental model of Jungfernstieg, Hamburg after a decade of living here. Wow.

Xing Zhilei's cats enter the chat and demand detailed texture maps.

Perhaps it doesn't work on my browser, but all I see are low fidelity, wireframe/stick 3D model projections rendered as 2D images without much detail that could be made in a few minutes.

As the title suggests it is not a website of models of European metro stations because:

(a) it contains models of North American stations, and

(b) it does not contain stations from the St Petersburg[1] or Moscow metros which are significant European metros (the Moscow metro[2] is the longest in Europe)

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_Metro

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow_Metro