devin
6 hours ago
I've written it elsewhere, but: it is such a shame that the United States saw fit to run electricity _everywhere_, no matter how rural your location, but instead of do the same for rural internet we had to wait for... a private company to launch a global network of satellites. Yes, this post is about internet access while traveling 500mph, which is a different problem, but it is so messed up that people fall over themselves about Starlink for rural connectivity when it is an incredibly complex and expensive technology with huge ongoing costs that could have been solved once and for all by simply running some wires.
modeless
4 hours ago
You have it exactly backwards. It is far less complex and expensive and resource intensive to build Starlink than to run a new copper or fiber line with associated telecom equipment on both sides to every rural residence in the US, let alone worldwide. Yes, despite the large cost of launching satellites. And it's especially good that we don't have to force everyone to subsidize inefficient monopoly utilities with our tax dollars to get everyone connected. Plus the benefit of mobility is enormous and shouldn't be ignored.
As solar and batteries become cheaper, eventually we can transition to most rural residences being entirely off the grid and self sufficient. This will also be cheaper and less resource intensive than maintaining the electric grid in those rural areas, let alone building it in the first place, and we can all stop paying hidden subsidies for those users.
andrewharvey
3 hours ago
this.
Except it's no longer only in rural areas, grid connected utilities are now costing more than being off grid in the cities too. Starlink residential 100 Mbps is cheaper ($69/mo AUD) (ignoring hardware and setup costs) than 50 Mbps fixed line internet ($80/mo AUD). Depending on location, home solar + batteries will usually work out cheaper than being on the grid within the battery warranty period too.
Affric
8 minutes ago
Grid prices are going to start coming down in some of the most expensive parts of Australia due to SAPS, home generation and storage, and microgrids.
I wouldn’t rule out the grid just yet.
markdown
2 minutes ago
If you find Starlink cheap they just haven't gotten around to the bait and switch in your locality. It'll come.
raw_anon_1111
2 hours ago
Where are you? In the suburbs of Atlanta I paid $80 for AT&T Fiber 1Gbps u/d.
gnabgib
2 hours ago
If they're paying Australian Dollars.. probably not Atlanta
UltraSane
2 hours ago
Man, I pay $50USD/month for 1Gbps up down in Wisconsin.
sunshinekitty
3 hours ago
The HN groupthink is to hate on anything Elon adjacent, satellite internet included.
razingeden
3 hours ago
hopefully that include his business partners , airlines in this case.
platevoltage
2 hours ago
It's not groupthink to believe that the guy sucks and is a threat to humanity. He constantly fights against the type of programs that could have possibly given us satellite internet, the same way we all get to enjoy GPS.
SV_BubbleTime
an hour ago
> It's not groupthink to believe that the guy sucks and is a threat to humanity.
Wow, that’s a wild misstatement; that is exactly groupthink nonsense.
You (people) loved him before he went in for Trump.
tdeck
42 minutes ago
Before he went in for Trump he was running a factory with an alarmingly high injury rate, where employees were regularly called the N-word, and union busting. People who liked him then weren't paying attention at all.
iknowstuff
6 hours ago
People in the United States can choose to live in very rural and sparsely populated areas, far more remote than most OECD countries.
It’s not clear to me that we should necessarily massively subsidize their choice to live in the sticks these days. Starlink and 5G are great for this, as is solar energy and batteries.
We already subsidize sprawl’s expensive-per-person infrastructure with tax revenue from dense cities. As a country we need to make a decision about which choices we want to encourage and discourage.
TulliusCicero
5 hours ago
Some people will be really mad about this comment, but it's absolutely correct.
Broadly speaking, very rural living is generally a lifestyle choice. Yes, not everyone can afford to live in big cities, but there are typically small towns in the general vicinity of rural areas that are quite affordable.
Of course, there are exceptions where you truly need the space, like if you're a farmer, but that's not most people in rural areas.
Edit: to be clear, I don't think it's fundamentally wrong or anything for people to choose the rural lifestyle, I just don't think we should be heavily subsidizing it.
devin
5 hours ago
Buddy, many of the people who are being served by Starlink are by no means "very" rural at all. If you get into "lives in a shack in the mountains", then sure I agree, but a HUGE number of people are barely outside of an immediate service area and have no access for one dumb reason or another. This is a demonstration of the failure of our country to do simple, pragmatic things that would benefit our citizens' lives. The "fix" was for some private company to launch things into orbit. It's an expensive fix to a simple problem.
TulliusCicero
5 hours ago
Generally speaking, private companies want to make money by getting customers. Obviously there can be edge cases, but if there's profit to be made by hooking people up, they'll want to do it, and if private companies don't want to get more customers, you have to ask yourself some hard questions about why.
I think we both know what's usually happening: people in an area who, as a whole, are rural enough and poor enough that the economics don't really pen out well. And I'm sure said corporations would be happy for the local government to pay the cost of running those lines out -- if that's not happening, ask yourself why those local governments don't want to pay for it either.
Now if you want to say, "well I don't care if it scales badly, the federal government should just subsidize it until it works", that's your prerogative. But another option would be to encourage zoning and similar rules that impact how people live to change towards better scaling of infrastructure and services, so that spending on these kinds of things is more sustainable and fair.
sysguest
4 hours ago
this
people here don't understand how large USA is -- connecting every corner with copper/fiber, with all the intermediary networking devices means tax money...
devin
4 hours ago
Yes, it does mean tax money. Stop corporate welfare and bump the corporate tax rate back to a reasonable value.
nradov
4 hours ago
A better option would be to eliminate corporate income tax entirely, and raise taxes on the highest income employees and investors to make the change revenue neutral. Corporations waste a lot of resources on financial engineering to minimize tax liability, and that's a pure deadweight loss for the economy as a whole.
Tempest1981
4 hours ago
Savvy executives can also keep their income near 0 by borrowing against their stock holdings.
nradov
2 hours ago
So what. They pay interest on that loan, and those interest payments eventually flow to the employees and investors of the lender. Who can be taxed.
hattmall
an hour ago
Yes, but we've already done it, twice, and the benefits were quite significant.
shagie
4 hours ago
My parents have Starlink. They live in an area surrounded by dairy farms. It's half a mile between mailboxes. The nearest town is 7 miles away (though only 3 as the crow flies - lots of hills between here and there).
None of the neighbors have cable TV. You've got to either go into town or t'wards the highway 7 miles the other direction).
Three years ago, the utility ran natural gas that far out. Prior to that, it was propane tanks (for the past 50 years) for heat in the winter.
The state capital is 30 miles away... so its not that far away from civilization (this isn't Montana or the north woods of the upper midwest).
When nano-cells came out for cellphones my father and I were the first in line at the store (that was 2010 if I recall correctly). It let the house be able to use a cell phone in the yard - before that it was the landline (and it was DSL for the nano-cell backhaul).
In 2020 when school was remote, their grandkids were there. Prior to Starlink my father got a Firewalla (for network load balancing) and got a second DSL link (it was barely qualifying as high speed internet) so that it could support two zoom calls simultaneously (don't stream music or watch YouTube while the kids are on Zoom School).
5G cell coverage sounds great... but those hills I mentioned earlier? You can get cell phone coverage at the house without the nano-cell... if you get a ladder out and climb up to the top of the roof.
So yes, to support the person I'm replying to - there are a lot of people who are 30 minutes outside of a city of appreciable size and are without wired high speed internet.
In https://broadbandmap.fcc.gov/location-summary/fixed?version=... the area that they live in has 0% for 100 Mbps for the majority of the northwest part of the county.
grahamburger
an hour ago
Looks like they may be getting fiber from Bertram Communications soon:
https://maps.psc.wi.gov/portal/apps/experiencebuilder/experi...
That or Starlink may be getting a wad of cash just to keep serving them, courtesy of this administration's NTIA.
shagie
41 minutes ago
The area south of Highway 19 in Dane County to north of Highway 39 in Green county is still rather bare of awards.
dboreham
4 hours ago
Generally agree. I live in a location that had (still has?) PSTN service, electricity, and natural gas services, but never got any kind of broadband besides the network I paid for and deployed myself, and subsequently of course StarLink. I think the issue isn't so much that people are demanding internet service in random places, more they're expecting internet service in the places you get all the other regular services.
edgyquant
3 hours ago
I don’t think we should subsidize internet, but your framing here rubs me the wrong way. People in these rural areas usually live among family and have lived there for generations, reducing this to a choice feels very elitist. People aren’t “choosing” to not pack up their entire lives and move to a city or town.
platevoltage
2 hours ago
We shouldn't subsidize internet, it should be provided. The internet is necessary to participate in modern society, and to only provide it to people who can afford it is what's actually elitist.
iknowstuff
26 minutes ago
Last we checked we pay for water too. It’s abundant. It still makes sense to have a price on it because it’s a resource like anything else.
In the same way, we pay for the internet. Free wifi exists if you can’t afford service.
Rather than elitist, it’s just… not communist.
strbean
5 hours ago
I think this is very short-sighted, on the order of "Why should we subsidize package / letter delivery to people in the sticks?"
The economic benefit of making those people available as consumers, lowering barriers to their engagement in markets, is enormous and certainly pays for itself.
renewiltord
3 minutes ago
No, it is not at all certain that it pays for itself.
TulliusCicero
5 hours ago
> "Why should we subsidize package / letter delivery to people in the sticks?"
Good point, it doesn't make much sense to do that either.
> The economic benefit of making those people available as consumers, lowering barriers to their engagement in markets, is enormous and certainly pays for itself.
Or, we could zone areas to encourage people to live in towns where it's feasible for both corporations and the government to provide infrastructure and services at a reasonable cost.
strbean
4 hours ago
> Or, we could zone areas to encourage people to live in towns where it's feasible for both corporations and the government to provide infrastructure and services at a reasonable cost.
This is assuming there isn't a good reason why we might want some percentage of the population to be rural. To have farms and ranches, for example.
TulliusCicero
4 hours ago
Sure, if we restrict the subsidy to farmers and others where we need them to live in rural areas, that's fine.
strbean
4 hours ago
But not the educators teaching the farmer's kids, or the doctors and nurses treating their wounds? What about the clerks at the grocery store serving those farmers? The liquor store?
Trying to create an elaborate regulatory regime to decide who is justified to live in a rural area is absurd and a waste of money. Especially considering that most people living in rural areas are either employed in a necessary industry that needs to be rural, or work in professional or service industries either directly supporting said rural industry (e.g. tractor repair) or indirectly supporting it's workforce.
Furthermore, the marginal cost of providing broadband to all those "slightly-less-necessarily-rural" people is minuscule. Skipping every other house doesn't save you much when the majority of the cost is building infra to get broadband to the town/road in the first place.
iknowstuff
3 hours ago
Farmers and ranches don’t need any more incentive to live there on top of the boatload of money they make selling their produce
throw__away7391
4 hours ago
The situation with the electric grid is pretty crazy. The cost to supply power to houses in sparsely populated communities is orders of magnitude higher than urban apartments. Not just the power infrastructure itself but all sorts of little ongoing things like maintenance visits, as well as losses from transmission and distribution. I worked on smart grid systems and getting apartment buildings online was a piece of cake, with one simple connection handling multiple buildings with hundreds of meters, meanwhile suburban homes required much more expensive equipment that was more difficult for technicians to install and serviced only a handful of homes. Everyone talks about this as if these were humble shacks out in the boonies but the bulk of these service points are suburban McMansions built on cheap land at the margins of the cities. Broadly speaking this results is poorer ratepayers significantly subsidizing services for wealthier ones.
jasonwatkinspdx
4 hours ago
Unironically: go move to Somalia if that's the government you want.
The rest of us understand that's utter stupidity, natural monopolies exist, and capitalism needs guard rails.
TulliusCicero
4 hours ago
I'm a social democrat, I'm fine with subsidies in general, I just want them to be applied intelligently. Spending a lot of money to subsidize someone's lifestyle that's intentionally inefficient isn't smart.
I'm all for helping the poor, but we should do it in a way that gets us a lot of bang for the buck.
jasonwatkinspdx
2 hours ago
Having grown up in rural Kansas and now being an urban tech worker, I think you have a derogatory and ignorant view on people who live rurally.
raw_anon_1111
2 hours ago
Yes all of the farmers should move to the cities.
poulsbohemian
4 hours ago
>It’s not clear to me that we should necessarily massively subsidize their choice to live in the sticks these days.
Last year I had a chance to talk to Gregg Coburn, author of Homelessness is a Housing Problem. We agreed that remote work and improved public transportation were the real solutions to many of our housing problems, allowing greater distribution of population back into more rural areas. This is an area where rural broadband investment could make a difference. Likewise, when we talk about American competitiveness in manufacturing et al, that isn't going to happen in our cities, but rather in more rural areas.
hombre_fatal
4 hours ago
Decentralizing population seems at odds with goals like better public transport and infrastructure.
pbh101
3 hours ago
Who said those two were the ultimate goals to work towards?
mikkupikku
2 hours ago
You think cities exist for the sake of buses, and not the other way around?
performative
4 hours ago
other than introducing public policy to encourage building more housing, i assume?
poulsbohemian
4 hours ago
The problem is that in places like Seattle and the Bay Area, there are hard geographic limits to construction, even if you turn them into endless high-rises. Having watched the WA state legislature go through several years of attempts to fix housing by throwing random policy ideas into the void, I'm not convinced any of it matters nearly as much as a) more money in the state housing trust to help people with down payments and b) a robust economy so more people have more money that they can apply toward housing.
So, sure, yes, by all means do things like pass residential-in-repurposed commercial changes, ADUs, greater density in transit-oriented neighborhoods - do all the things. But, getting more people able to move to parts of the state (in my case, Yakima, the Tri-Cities, Spokane, etc) where there are houses just sitting around relative to King / Pierce / Snohomish... that's just as viable a solution and solves a whole bunch of other water / energy / land use / political / social type problems.
derektank
4 hours ago
>The problem is that in places like Seattle and the Bay Area, there are hard geographic limits to construction, even if you turn them into endless high-rises
Over three quarters of all residential land in Seattle is zoned single family and the population density of the city is less than a third that of NYC. The geography is not the hard constraint in this city.
nradov
4 hours ago
Subsidizing down payments doesn't do anything to improve housing availability or affordability in the long run. It just artificially inflates real estate values and acts as a wealth transfer from taxpayers to property owners.
hombre_fatal
4 hours ago
You offer cities with aggressive anti-development regulations, like max height restrictions, and then suggest things would be the same if they instead had endless high-rises?
Sounds like you've found an infinite-value hack: let developers build infinite housing yet prices stay the same.
How many of those "random policy ideas into the void" were to lift regulations to allow people to build housing? Which sounds a hell of a lot simpler than figuring out how to make everyone wealthier without proportional increases in market prices.
galleywest200
4 hours ago
Moving is incredibly expensive. First+Last month rent up-front, plus a deposit equal to one month rent up-front. That could total around $10,000 up-front costs if you are targeting a major city.
Conversely, having quality utilities in smaller communities could incentivize the building up of those areas and they would become less rural.
nailer
2 hours ago
lol I paid 17K for NYC - two months rent, extra month for being foreign, 2K since they removed blinds since they showed me the apartment and everyone in NYC could see into my house.
scubbo
6 hours ago
People can't afford to live in cities? Well, they should simply choose to live elsewhere.
People choose to live outside cities, but want access to basic utilities of modern life? Well, fuck 'em.
TulliusCicero
5 hours ago
Small towns exist, and ones far away from major metro areas are usually quite affordable.
Small towns are or can be made to be efficient in terms of basic infrastructure/services, whereas truly rural areas where everyone is very spread out, it's somewhere between difficult and impossible to do that.
kbar13
5 hours ago
that’s a bit pendantic, there exists such a thing as suburbs. even some rural communities are perfectly reasonable in terms of municipal infrastructure. but we are specifically talking about houses that are miles and miles from the next house that is then miles and miles away etc
TulliusCicero
5 hours ago
Even in "rural regions", there are typically some small towns where infrastructure could be provided to them decently efficiently. It's when every single house is a good distance away from their neighbors that things like running fiber cabling become grossly inefficient.
aaaaaaabbbbbb
5 hours ago
Ah yes, one step outside of New York City, and I'm immediately in the boondocks.
hdgvhicv
4 hours ago
If you’re on the electric grid why can’t you be on a fibre grid.
sysguest
4 hours ago
well for electric grid, you only need "local" connections -- eg. just your town and the generator...
raw_anon_1111
2 hours ago
Who needs all of the damn farmers anyway?
platevoltage
2 hours ago
The corporations buying up all of the land formerly owned by these bankrupt farmers probably do.
jjmarr
4 hours ago
Countries subsidize rural living because it enforces their control over the frontier.
The United States is difficult to invade because of the oceans surrounding it and the many people with guns in the interior that'll take shots at armies.
If you put everyone in a few cities on the coast, the USA becomes easier to invade.
pibaker
4 hours ago
No country capable of landing a single troop on the lower 48 is scared of undisciplined men with AR-15s.
In fact I am not sure if any country can get a troop transport near the US coast without being nuked to the ground first.
jjmarr
3 hours ago
In the 1930s and 1940s, Mexico wanted to invade Texas and reverse the Mexican American war.
pibaker
3 hours ago
I can't find any source suggesting this was actually a thing in the 30s and 40s. All I can find is the Zimmerman telegram from a hundred years ago which the Mexicans weren't exactly enthusiastic about.
In any case, I doubt there is any realistic threat of a Mexican invasion beyond fantasizing from political fringes.
protocolture
30 minutes ago
>I've written it elsewhere, but: it is such a shame that the United States saw fit to run electricity _everywhere_, no matter how rural your location, but instead of do the same for rural internet we had to wait for... a private company to launch a global network of satellites.
Actually whats crazy is that you guys had private and public power run everywhere, and those companies had private and public fibre companies run fibre through those power lead ins almost everywhere that's practical. A feat thats honestly not been achieved anywhere else that I have seen. Lots of people in other countries stomp around wondering why private fibre doesnt just materialise in their house, when they have no access to national public utilities. The answer was local utilities. But there's not even an ounce of appreciation for it outside of the ISP space.
GMoromisato
4 hours ago
I don't think the math works.
There are 23 million rural homes in the US and about 3 million miles of rural public roads. Let's say you wired just the public rural roads (ignore going from the road to the house).
It costs $30,000 per mile to put up aerial wiring. $60,000 per mile underground. So we're already at $90 billion for wired poles and $180 billion for underground. And that's just for the wires--we're not including any of the switches and routers for actual internet.
By comparison, the Starlink system cost about an order of magnitude less ($10 billion).
devin
4 hours ago
I appreciate you actually taking a moment to think through the cost, but I think we could start with some pragmatism and look to run wires to people who are within a reasonable range of existing systems, of which there are many.
Clearly not every public road needs wiring. Then, consider that you could run wired connections to wireless access points to increase high speed wireless coverage. 1 wire to light up dozens of homes in areas which currently have no service beyond DSL.
Tempest1981
3 hours ago
Doesn't Starlink have some annual upkeep costs? Maybe $1-2 billion per year to replace aging satellites?
miki123211
5 hours ago
Internet still has a "moral vice" label associated with it that I don't think electricity ever had.
In the popular person's imagination, electricity is the revolutionary technology that enables cheap and safe lighting, as well as instant access to information (through radio). The telephone is the revolutionary technology that lets you call a doctor in an emergency or negotiate crop prices. The internet is the revolutionary technology that lets you go on dating sites and stare at pretty girls on HotOrNot, talk to fellow netizens on discussion forums, and waste hours playing Mmorpgs. It's "that weird technology that the young people use for God knows what." It's for entertainment, not serious business use, except if your business is in providing the entertainment.
Of course none of it is true, especially these days as so much non-tech-adjacent business is happening over the internet (and especially internet-enabled smartphones).
DaedalusII
an hour ago
its literally cheaper to create a low earth orbit satellite constellation than deal with bureaucracy
fy20
5 hours ago
Are there any countries that have actually done an exhaustive job of this? I'm from the UK, and I'd say they are pretty good, my parents live in a 300 person village, and they can get 50ish mbit internet through wires. But "rural" in the UK is very different from "rural" in some parts of the US. And this was done by a private company (although it was based on infrastructure built by the government).
raw_anon_1111
2 hours ago
Blame rural America who continuously votes for politicians who oppose it.
moduspol
5 hours ago
Eh, I think we'll look back on this in 10-20 years and conclude that wireless transmission was always going to make more sense than running millions of miles of wires. Especially so for rural access.
scottyah
4 hours ago
Wired will definitely be the rich, elite way to go.
BurningFrog
4 hours ago
Satellite internet can get several orders of magnitudes more capacity.
jasonwatkinspdx
4 hours ago
The only way rural America got landline service was by the government forcing it. The market had no solution.
platevoltage
2 hours ago
Municipal internet is something the ISPs lobby against like there is no tomorrow. It is a shame, but that's how the US government works.
gowld
2 hours ago
Why is wire better than terrestrial wireless? Isn't terrestrial wireless how most of Africa caught up to more earlier-developed regions in telecom?
stevenhuang
2 hours ago
Your understanding of the history and economics of it all is very confused.
> simply running wires
Lol. Yes let's just ignore the most expensive and complicated part of the whole endeavor.