2027 memory capacity is reportedly sold out

90 pointsposted 10 hours ago
by inigyou

97 Comments

beloch

8 hours ago

AI companies would do well to realize that civil disobedience is a thing.

Take what's currently happening to Flock cameras as an object lesson. People are so fed up with Flock that they're cutting their cameras down en masse, sometimes wiping them clean from entire jurisdictions. Tens of thousands of other people in those jurisdictions are cheering them on, even offering alibis for them before they've been caught. Law enforcement doesn't seem too keen to catch them either. You absolutely can be so hated that the law will not be enforced to protect your property.

If AI companies don't slow down and build some good will, AI data centres are probably at risk. They'd probably have been targeted before Flock were they not harder targets. A higher degree of cooperation and organization will be required to sabotage them, but it would be foolish to believe it won't eventually happen.

Monopolizing memory production for another year suggests that lessons have not been learned, the mad build-out will continue, and we're headed for some truly crazy stuff.

swed420

6 hours ago

> Take what's currently happening to Flock cameras as an object lesson. People are so fed up with Flock that they're cutting their cameras down en masse, sometimes wiping them clean from entire jurisdictions.

It seems inevitable that these lost cameras will simply be upgraded to drone fleets. Not an identical replacement, but still "good enough" for the original purposes. Had they anticipated this problem and skipped the first phase, it might have been harder to manufacture consent for privacy invasion. But now anybody who was okay with the original cameras feels like a victim having them torn down, which makes it likelier they'll be okay with drones everywhere.

> Tens of thousands of other people in those jurisdictions are cheering them on, even offering alibis for them before they've been caught. Law enforcement doesn't seem too keen to catch them either. You absolutely can be so hated that the law will not be enforced to protect your property.

At least one third of the country is still okay with them, because they believe it helps rid them of illegals and deter crime, with downsides small enough to ignore, in their mind.

In sum, we don't have as much control over these things as you seem to believe. Capital was always in control with its crude but effective propaganda pipelines to manufacture enough consent. Now imagine those pipelines becoming even more effective thanks to AI. Not looking good.

customguy

3 hours ago

> anybody who was okay with the original cameras

Who cares about those people? I would argue even they themselves hardly do. And sure, they'll be even more okay with even worse stuff, and that even worse stuff will be even more hated by even more people, whatever the people who are "okay with" (that can mean ignorance, obedience, or evil intent, but it's not justification). If they can be okay with mass surveillance they can be okay with other things, so they're basically a wash, they're just okay with stuff.

> At least one third of the country is still okay with them

Then they can be okay with the majority saying you know what, we're sick of you, you can either stop having your toys or you will be segregated from us and live under your own surveillance. "Being okay with something" isn't some magical wand or a fortress, it's just a limp shrug. It means "pass".

> In sum, we don't have as much control over these things as you seem to believe.

I don't see the connection with the sentence before that, which is a minority being "okay with" something and a majority willing to fight and out there doing it. It's not about controlling what a minority of people are okay with, it's about changing what is done. The people who are okay with stuff can go read a comic book until it's over, how does that not solve anything you raised about them? Or are you saying their being okay with stuff should be respected or even heeded? Couldn't they just make that claim themselves, if they wanted to?

Imagine a raging house fire, people stumbling over each other trying to help, and some guy steps up and goes "WAIT!" they all look at him, sure he has a major contribution for interrupting something like this, a good idea, a plan perhaps; and he goes "... I'm actually okay with this."

swed420

an hour ago

> Then they can be okay with the majority saying you know what, we're sick of you, you can either stop having your toys or you will be segregated from us and live under your own surveillance. "Being okay with something" isn't some magical wand or a fortress, it's just a limp shrug. It means "pass".

It's not the majority, though. Roughly speaking, among adults, we have:

* 1/3 who are willing to vote for the red flavor of lesser-two-evils (some of them don't even register it as evil)

* 1/3 who are willing to vote for the blue flavor of lesser-two-evils (some of them don't even register it as evil, including when it literally manufactures consent for the first third to win next time around)

* 1/3 who see the above as a uniparty of capital interests offering the illusion of democracy through "close" elections as the bullshit that it is.

apple4ever

4 hours ago

That's a really great point. So much about our world is about perception. I think the datacenter concern is overblown for the most part (except putting them next to houses), but the perception is stronger than the facts.

And if AI is putting people out of jobs and making everything expensive - or that's just the perception - that's gonna set AI back for years.

amelius

7 hours ago

Except nobody knows where the AI data centers are actually located.

apple4ever

3 hours ago

It doesn't matter. The perception is all datacenters do AI (not necessarily wrong nowadays either) and that's all that matters to the public when they see so many lost jobs and high computer / phone prices.

amelius

3 hours ago

And how does the public know there is a datacenter inside a random building?

apple4ever

2 hours ago

Either it's being proposed or other people tell them about them. It's not hard to find out where datacenters are.

preisschild

5 hours ago

You can hear them from quite far away since companies like X use on-site Methane Gas Turbine Generators because they don't want to wait for the grid capacity to catch up.

Schlagbohrer

9 hours ago

Amazon has implemented a password system for RAM delivery. You're supposed to give a password to the deliverer before taking delivery of the RAM, and you're not supposed to send the password over the phone at all (although the Amazon delivery guy still called me and asked for it over the phone).

Roast

8 hours ago

This is quite common for all high value deliveries across all platforms in India.

prodigycorp

8 hours ago

can u provide some context? what is this trying to solve and how does it solve it? very curious.

codeulike

8 hours ago

Its a way to make sure the delivery takes place. A code is sent to recipient and recipient only gives it to the delivery person once item is handed over. Delivery person cant mark item as 'done' without the code. I've seen Uber Eats do the same thing sometimes.

apple4ever

3 hours ago

Wow that's actually a really good idea to prevent delivery theft by the delivery person!

stingraycharles

8 hours ago

What’s wrong with a signature?

supersparrow

8 hours ago

Signatures are completely pointless. Literally draw squiggles as anyone else can. Nobody ever checks or compares them to the original, how can they?

Ekaros

7 hours ago

Sometimes I wonder if true reason behind them is not any sort of verification but to maybe increase potential punishment if caught... So effectively nothing...

jacobwg

8 hours ago

It's to prevent theft by the delivery person or by the wrong recipient

pjc50

8 hours ago

Signatures are terrible, and especially it's hard to automatically confirm they're correct even if you have a sample on file.

preisschild

5 hours ago

This is normal for every item above ~100EUR delivered by Amazon here in Austria. Never had it happen that they asked for the code without showing me the package in-person first though.

pu_pe

8 hours ago

This will have general inflationary consequences for consumer products (phones, consoles, laptops, etc.). On top of current uncertainties regarding oil and fertilizers, I think 2% inflation in the US and Europe would be a very optimistic target.

tonyedgecombe

7 hours ago

2% was already optimistic once we decided we were buying too much from China.

dgellow

8 hours ago

Yep. And not in the future, it is here right now. And poor countries will as always be impacted way more than the US or Europe. The AI industry is the very direct cause and should be shamed for handling their rollout in such a destructing way. They deliberately created and grew the feeling of urgency for their own benefit

chvid

9 hours ago

I saw on Twitter that TSMC has made 1B worth of chips for Apple that they cannot package because of missing memory.

(PS: It is time to let ASML sell to CXMT.)

vdfs

8 hours ago

> (PS: It is time to let ASML sell to CXMT.)

Why? High demand and low supply is very good for shareholders and make indexes go up, their goal is not to meet demand, they want exponential qurartly revunes

chvid

8 hours ago

True - but what is happening now is very destructive to a lot of important companies.

ethbr1

7 hours ago

Indeed. There's a reason the US government has historically stopped air traffic / railroad / longshore strikes: cascading effects.

If memory is now upstream of so many companies, then maybe a higher regulatory involvement would be appropriate (like power companies).

Specifically, and it could fix all of this, capping the max % of their supply they're allowed to sell into the AI space.

nixon_why69

7 hours ago

I hear what you're saying but memory ultimately is not infrastructure, it's a commodity that's shipped over infrastructure.

The arguments for infrastructure being managed more tightly by the government is because it's a natural monopoly that everything depends on. Memory isn't a natural monopoly, if we found ourselves in a spot where we all depend on 3 companies then that's not a law of nature, we need more companies.

stingraycharles

8 hours ago

It’s temporary revenue, it’s not as if those businesses are suddenly fundamentally better.

To me it seems like they’re just riding the AI hype out, expecting a crash after, and not willing to risk a lot of capital on someone else’s bubble.

preisschild

5 hours ago

Its not like demand will be lowered by this though, I dont see how this would be bad for ASML (besides PR-China generally not respecting IP and them reverse engineering it)

znpy

5 hours ago

I just thought… didn’t Intel start as a memory chip company?

Couldn’t intel repurpose some of its fabs (maybe the old ones?) to produce memory?

I’m no expert but… seems like an easy win?

tosti

9 hours ago

All those devs who were saying "ram is cheap" BTFO.

tveita

9 hours ago

https://dam.stanford.edu/memory-prices.html

Pretty sure those devs were saying the same thing way before 2017 as well, which seems to be ~ the last time RAM was this expensive.

Now RAM in the cloud, now you're really paying the Java premium.

tosti

3 hours ago

Price per GiB is skewed by definition. 10 Years ago, 8GiB was enough and cost between $10 and $20. For the longest time this century, a cheap build was in the $250 to $350 range. Nowadays I'm having trouble with that price range building from used parts.

adrian_b

7 hours ago

According to your link, DDR5 today has the same price in real US $ as DDR3 was in 2014, during a brief spike towards high prices.

Since that peak in 2014 until today, the prices were lower than now. The peak in 2017 was more than 10% lower than today.

To reach permanently higher prices than today, we must go backwards until 2011.

So we have already regressed at least 12 years into the past, but more likely 15 years, and it is unknown how much more we will regress.

jbverschoor

9 hours ago

Thanks to AI, we can now one-shot convert electron to native apps ;-)

gaigalas

9 hours ago

Recipe for delicious pizza:

1. Make extra greasy pizza. Nauseating-level of grease.

2. Put pizza through De-Greasinator 5000.

Sounds efficient.

inigyou

8 hours ago

The grease is vaporised and inhaled by one randomly chosen Memphis resident, who permanently gets chronic asthma.

shepherdjerred

2 hours ago

OK I’ll take the bait.

Were devs supposed to optimize RAM for a shortage that might come? I’m guessing you had enough foresight to stockpile RAM?

amelius

9 hours ago

Bad times for the two-space copying garbage collectors.

pjc50

9 hours ago

Are there any of those left? The popular VMs for Java, Javascript and dotnet are all very mature heavily tuned designs.

GoblinSlayer

4 hours ago

My benchmark:

1) .net app, one text field, one button; private bytes 22mb, working set 27mb

2) native app, two text fields, three buttons; private bytes 1.2mb, working set 7.3mb

tosti

3 hours ago

3) electron, about:blank, 1.2GiB

nixon_why69

7 hours ago

They're heavily tuned but I think having the generational hypothesis and copying longer-lived objects is still standard? As is allowing a fair amount of garbage to accumulate to increase throughput and reduce copying at the cost of memory footprint?

Posting instead of researching in hopes someone smarter can chime in, because I'm lazy.

rock_artist

9 hours ago

That's tech... Moore Law was steadily going until raw CPU got stuck for a few years, switching from single core to multicore then heterogeneous cpus, all those requiring to rewrite software in a scalable manner and then consider newer schedulers switching between performance/efficiency cores and changing CPU freqs.

Also, you have Meta and Google investing in simplified performant versions of their stack for developing countries which is similar.

What's funny though, I see people that sometimes says it's cheaper to build the app they need in a single prompt than to search for it.

eru

9 hours ago

You know that Moore's law is about transistor count? What worked really well for CPU in eg the 1990s was Dennard scaling. That drove the Hz higher. And Dennard scaling is what stopped working.

Moore's law is alive and well.

dgellow

8 hours ago

It also was just an observation, not a strict rule set in stone

amelius

9 hours ago

How am I going to buy a computer that connects to AI datacenters now?

cobertos

8 hours ago

I'm sure some enterprising company will find a way sell you a computer subsidized by your data usage or maybe by forfeiting your first born

ZoomZoomZoom

8 hours ago

Don't worry. Sooner or later this stuff will be mandatory and you'll be obligated to get your state-issued terminal. Social credits will do, if you have no money.

For the skeptical ones: Somewhere people are already being cut off from state and financial institutions without proprietary software with bundled security certificates, applications are bound to collect data on the environment they are used in (other apps) and organizations deliberately limit access to their services or cripple them without their applications (can't do things from a generic web-browser).

pickleglitch

5 hours ago

Jeff Bezos will be happy to let you rent one from him. He's said this is how he envisions the future of personal computing. You will own nothing, and so on.

apple4ever

4 hours ago

This is why I'm so hesitant to use AI. There are other reasons (for example: the journey is the fun part, not the destination; and I want to learn not have something done for me), but the pressure AI puts on memory and storage is too much for me. I do use it occasionally, mostly to keep tabs on it and for small problem solving (how do I do this one piece of a query in MySQL, since I'm not a MySQL DBA), but that's it for now, until this memory/storage issue is fixed.

rickydroll

3 hours ago

Unfortunately, I can't not use AI because it provides the best speech recognition I've ever used and, going along with hand problems, it now allows me to write code after a three-year absence from that skill. I do miss it. I'd never do it again professionally in the large, but I have missed writing code a lot.

My solution is to see what four or five-year-old equipment I can buy that will let me run local LLMs. I may only get six or seven tokens per second out of an i7, but it's a start. And best of all, I can turn the machine off when I'm not using it.

IMO, Migrating to small-scale local LLMs would be a significant improvement over using data centers.

WithinReason

9 hours ago

This hopefully helps mitigate the risk of putting more production capacity in place, which the Big 3 were not willing to do so far.

pjc50

9 hours ago

At this size, I think we have to start worrying about a 2008-type default risk. AI companies will have ordered all the RAM and paid some kind of deposit for that, but actually taking delivery and paying for it is still in the future and the sums of capital involved are extremely large.

nixon_why69

9 hours ago

Also there is a ton of debt flying around, its not just equities hurting VC funds, real banks are facing risks now.

inigyou

9 hours ago

That's the reason RAM companies aren't expanding. Worst case, they can sell their normal production to gamers.

londons_explore

9 hours ago

Fail to deliver, and they get bankrupted...

Do deliver and they don't get paid because the buyer purchased with money that doesn't exist.

Lose-lose situation!

inigyou

8 hours ago

But they don't get bankrupted, because it's an ordinary year for them, only with different customers.

londons_explore

8 hours ago

Fail to deliver, and they get bankrupted because a court would not simply unwind the deal - a court would demand compensation of the market price of the goods not delivered on delivery day - which will probably be very high.

eru

9 hours ago

What kind of default risk?

What we got in 2008 was central banks (eg Fed and ECB) willfully collapsing nominal GDP in their economies. Have a look at the dot-com bust or Black Monday for comparison.

pjc50

8 hours ago

> willfully collapsing nominal GDP

What on earth are you talking about?

The credit risk was a very real problem; Kaupthing, Anglo Irish, RBS, Lehman etc.

eru

8 hours ago

We just had a string of bank failures, like Silicon Valley Bank, but you will not see any impact in the macro-economic data (like unemployment), because the Fed kept nominal spending on track.

In 2008 they didn't. Instead they actively tightened monetary policy by eg introducing interest on excess reserves. The ECB even hiked interest rates.

Companies defaulting on debt doesn't need to bring down the economy.

For the US, you can also see how the construction sector had been winding down for years (eg as measured in construction employment) without an impact on overall unemployment. The crisis was entirely avoidable.

See https://www.cato-unbound.org/2009/09/14/scott-sumner/real-pr... for a bit more background.

ghtbircshotbe

6 hours ago

The boom cycle looks like it's going to last a while, but it never lasts forever. If the current memory manufacturers all conspire to not build more capacity, I'm sure someone else will (eg China).

PeterStuer

10 hours ago

Isn't scalping illegal in some countries?

inigyou

9 hours ago

Buying and selling at market price is rarely illegal. I think in the USSR it might be?

chupasaurus

9 hours ago

It was legal in USSR for USSR to scalp though, depends on point of view.

keybored

8 hours ago

Ha ha, the USSR was a silly thing. Anyway, what was the topic about?

inigyou

7 hours ago

I think it was about the failures of centrally planned 5-year plans of RAM sales.

actionfromafar

10 hours ago

Isn't scalping a term used for tickets? Also, these companies supposedly intend to actually use the RAM they ordered, not reselling at some inflated price.

It's all fair game IMHO, except the elephant in the room which is that the AI company bubble might pop.

GoblinSlayer

9 hours ago

Then we'll have a lot of cheap RAM.

tencentshill

5 hours ago

Not sure if HBM can be used as regular DDR.

dspillett

8 hours ago

> Isn't scalping a term used for tickets?

It is also a term use in general trading anywhere traders open and close their positions quickly to make profit off an upswing which might be in part caused by traders doing this. If done with inside knowledge it is illegal, in this case more commonly referred to as “front running” (which is what many suspect happened with numerous ahemfortuitous/serendipitous position changes around announcements of changes in the state of the US vs Iran situation).

> Also, these companies supposedly intend to actually use the RAM they ordered, not reselling at some inflated price.

As well as the companies ordering for the purpose of DC roll-outs and upgrades, there will definitely be some buying purely to sell at a higher price a short time later.

> It's all fair game IMHO, except the elephant in the room which is that the AI company bubble might pop.

[and with reference to the sibling reply to this: “Then we'll have a lot of cheap RAM.”]

I don't think it will pop with a sudden bang, and even if it is it won't affect these memory sales or probably those for 2028. The first real effect will be those using the AI tools suddenly finding themselves needing to pay a lot more for them as companies offering those services deal with reduced access to “new” credit from the circling investment pool shore up their fanciful accounting that way instead. The DC builds/upgrades that are currently planned will happen but more funded by end users and less by the investment cycle. New plans might not be actioned at the same scale, but it will take a while for that to affect component prices as there is a lot of lead time involved.

AussieWog93

9 hours ago

I don't see the AI bubble popping any time soon (as in, not in terms of physical datacenter buildout - stock prices could fall). Even if progress hits a brick wall, we still have multiple years of just expanding out the models we have to more people in more industries.

user43928

8 hours ago

And if anything, I believe progress has been accelerating.

A year ago the SOTA was GPT-5/Opus 4.1/Gemini 2.5 Pro, two years ago Sonnet 3.5.

Looking at Opus 5 for SOTA performance and GPT 5.6 Luna for a viable cheap alternative, AI is much more capable now.

Honorable mention: GPT 5.6 Sol on Cerebras, capacity limited to a few customers, is supposedly serving 750 tok/s.

Compared to 90 tok/s for non fast mode 5.6 Sol, 56 tok/s for Opus 5, and 190 tok/s for 5.6 Luna.

I am very curious about the next generation of models, GPT-6/Astra is rumored to launch still in August. Not sure what is the state of Anthropic's next Fable checkpoint.

If these models also deliver significant improvements, I really do not see how one could seriously still argue among the lines of AI being a scam, and the demand not being there to support the size of the investments.

kergonath

8 hours ago

> I really do not see how one could seriously still argue among the lines of AI being a scam, and the demand not being there to support the size of the investments.

I don’t think most people are saying it is purely a scam (well, some do but I don’t think they are to be taken seriously). What all these talks about circular financing and VC money are saying is that demand cannot sustain the sector long-term, not that there is no demand. People are certainly happy to pay say $20/month for whatever AI chatbot, but would they still pay if it were $200/month, which is closer to the actual costs.

There are several other details that point towards a unsustainable projections:

- measurable benefits from AI-ifying companies are nowhere near what is commonly believed. AI providers are hoping that they can keep the show going until the models are good enough, essentially faking it until they’ve made it, but that is not a given. It is also unstable because it is susceptible to change in public opinion.

- permits for new datacenters are not going to become easier to get as public opinion keeps turning against them. They will have to concentrate in friendly regions, which will add cost (more demand for the same location, plus interconnection for network and electricity, both of which can easily become bottlenecks).

- the electric grids are not ready for all those planned datacenters, so something will have to give. Building more and more on-site diesel generator in times where oil supply is so constrained and random is not very sustainable either.

- eventually the loans will come due and if earnings do not match there will be a, possibly severe, correction.

If we look at the historical example of the dot-com bubble, the crash was not caused by no demand. It was just caused by over-estimated demand and too much money going to a single sector of the economy. We still use the Internet, and it is still hugely important, but the correction was still severe and real people lost real money.

user43928

7 hours ago

Those are good points, but some arguments are weak:

- Chatbot usage in $20 plans is likely nowhere close to a $200 cost.

Inference cost has come down rapidly, with reports from July claiming OpenAI can now serve all of the logged out ChatGPT traffic on just a few hundred GPUs.

- Measurable benefit: I doubt anything of value is being measured. MS Copilot with GPT 5.5 Instant processing SharePoint files? Developers using AI as a fancy autocomplete under a "I review every line" regime?

I rely on my personal value judgement, based on 30h/week I spend using AI outside of my regular job.

I am developing a mobile app, competing with companies with millions in revenue and entire dev teams. I know it is viable. Others lag in effective adoption, their opinion is likely to change soon with even more capable models.

- data center projects in the US: They look to me to mostly be constructed in the most remote backwater. If even there projects with such moderate environmental impact cannot be realized, that would be an embarrassing policy failure

- the grid: I think that one is true. AFAIK the constraint would be gas turbines, not diesel, and oil supply is not structurally constrained

- the loans: Anthropic is rumored to have become profitable earlier this year because of large growth in enterprise revenue. It does not look so bad to me

AussieWog93

7 hours ago

>I am developing a mobile app, competing with companies with millions in revenue and entire dev teams. I know it is viable. Others lag in effective adoption, their opinion is likely to change soon with even more capable models.

To add to that, as an ex-software dev that mostly works in a semi-unrelated field now (and can only code as a small part of my job): I think a lot of software devs are underestimating what someone with reasonable technical skills and specialised domain knowledge is able to create with AI.

I honestly wouldn't be surprised if, in 5 years' time, the majority of software used by (e.g.) potato farmers was primarily created by other potato farmers. The code might still be less elegant but I think it will be easier for the potato farmer to iterate with an AI than outsourcing to a dev firm.

user43928

7 hours ago

On a tangent, because you mentioned five years for widely used software being implemented by domain experts rather than software engineers: this seems like a very conservative timeline.

I have little doubt that a competent potato farmer could possibly implement and sell such software today using Opus 5, Fable, or 5.6 Sol.

Now what I am going to say next may sound a bit crazy, and it is outside of my area of expertise. I hear the recent mathematical breakthroughs made by GPT-6/Astra are field medal worthy discoveries.

What if the current trajectory of improvement holds for another year or two?

Is it impossible that LLMs gain superhuman ability to reason over a large number of constraints so that they can make novel breakthroughs unimaginable to us today?

What I hope to see in five years is not potato farmers writing software, but programmable immune cells that safely kill cancer.

Perhaps I am an optimist.

AmbroseBierce

9 hours ago

Turns out AI-maxxing implicates citizens-minning.

gaigalas

9 hours ago

The fact that consumer-level DDR4 is getting more expensive makes absolutely no market sense to me.

wayne-werwolf

8 hours ago

I am guessing there is some fluidity between these markets. If consumers get priced out of the DDR5 market, the consumer DDR4 price increases as well. It is the same with cars, if the price goes up for new cars, it usually increases for used car market as well. Same with energy, price goes up for oil, all things beeing equal, other energy carries will increase to some degree.

Not sure if that's what you've meant...

gaigalas

8 hours ago

That's it. Which is insane. We used to buy used DDR4 from obsolete servers in buckets before it was going to become e-waste. Now even that one is expensive.

AdamN

8 hours ago

The lines that would have made consumer-level stuff are being reduced in favor of the higher profit margin/demand products. That means more supply of those other products (but still not enough) and lower supply of the consumer-level stuff (driving up prices).

gaigalas

8 hours ago

Isn't DDR4 like, old and obsolete? From my knowledge, you can't just take a fab that produces DDR4 and make it produce DDR5 or higher. It's kind of a leap that requires replacing a lot of stuff.

I would expect that old DDR4 machinery to end up somewhere else, still chugging along. Maybe someone buys the old production and keeps chugging low quality DDR4 or something.

To me, it sounds like that didn't happened. Fabs that were producing legacy DDR4 are still producing it, just selling it higher and surfing on the consumer price increase of DDR5. As DDR5 became more expensive, people looked to build old AM4 PCs with the older memory, and the market just raised the price so that option would also cost more. IMHO DDR4 price increase has nothing to do with production.

phire

7 hours ago

There is some overlap. The last DDR4 fabs were typically on a 16nm process, the first DDR5 fabs were also on a 16nm process.

There shouldn't be much issue converting those 16nm DDR4 fabs to DDR5, it's really just an issue of swapping out the masks. That's assuming they haven't all already been converted years ago.

Even when there isn't an overlap, moving to the next process node usually isn't so much about replacing machines, but adding more machines. To oversimplify, you might not be able to convert one older DDR4 fab to DDR5, but sometimes you might be able to convert two older DDR4 fabs to one DDR5 fab.

Such conversions might not be the most cost-effective option in the long run (that unmodified fab could have kept selling DDR4 for years), but conversions might be significantly faster than building new fabs.

AdamN

7 hours ago

[not an expert so I could be totally wrong] I was also just talking about the physical space. Even if the machines on the entire line have to be replaced it still probably makes sense for a company to transition in situ - displacing the old line. There's the lease for the land and building, people's commutes are structured around a certain physical location, air conditioning and electricity are already there, etc... It's not just the big expensive machines that make up the fabrication - it's also the entire structure that makes that production happen.

amelius

7 hours ago

If memory makers can fill their order books with only a single type of memory (whatever that is), then that would be preferable to them, I suppose.

sophrosyne42

8 hours ago

Because the prices of ddr5 are causing people to use substitutes

znpy

5 hours ago

Honest question: is this the first time this thing happens?

Besides the AI craze, to me it sounds kinda reasonable. Most large buyers (apple, public clouds, OEMs) do forecasting and orders in advance, right?

brador

5 hours ago

China RAM entered the US market in quantity a week ago west coast. It’s slow buggy trash but it’ll cool the market until failure rates are known. Europe got its first shipment 3 weeks ago.

xg15

9 hours ago

Lame: Fight the war on general computation by spending decades pushing elaborate technical standards for locking down bootloaders, try to convince society why we need device attestation and hardware-bound keys, gradually establish devices without root access as the norm, get into constant skirmishes with free software and privacy advocates, get drawn into unpleasant political quagmires, etc etc

Game: Just buy up all the RAM...