Ecma International published on 10 December 2025 five new standards and one technical report defining the Natural Language Interaction Protocol (NLIP). These specifications establish an open, secure foundation for AI agents to communicate across organizational boundaries and technology platforms, replacing hard-coded application programming interfaces with a universal envelope protocol.

NLIP enables multi-turn conversational exchanges between humans and AI agents, as well as agent-to-agent interaction, regardless of their organizational domains or internal technologies. This approach eliminates many challenges associated with API management in current software systems and enables the development of universal client applications that can communicate with any NLIP-enabled agent.

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