Every encryption is end to end if you're not picky about the ends.

Who would trust facebook ? Excuse me, "Meta"

All this article is about is complaining about Whatsapp not being open source therefore not verifiable. But a symptom from Whatsapp shift to the alleged E2E has been that media sent in groupchats disappears permanently after a while if no one stores it.

I wouldn't use Whatsapp for secure communication anyways, so I much rather prefer they store all the contents on their servers so they are always available than having to loose content in groupchats over the years.

> TL;DR: As the client applications of WhatsApp are closed-source, claims of end-to-end encryption cannot be validated

For end-to-end encryption to be of any value, you must trust also the OS and the service provider (Meta, Signal, etc) that it doesn't "telemetry" your key.

Good luck