I wonder if Thom Holwerda has ever actually worked at Apple... Because Apple's design very much is instituted from the top, and also very much is holy writ. The engineers don't get much of a look-in unless it is simply not possible to do what the designers want - which is pretty darn rare.

An application team will probably have a UI design resource - either their own or shared with similar team(s), and that design team will dictate how things look and work for that application team. The design team will have to justify their decisions to their own (design) boss, and upwards all the way to the top, if with decreasing resolution.

Design at Apple isn't just about how it looks, the design teams are tasked with how it works too, and I'm not saying they don't do that job well - there are usually a lot more corner-cases that have been considered than what some random blog talks about. Sometimes the "why don't they do it this way" question is simply because the asker hasn't thought about the implications on the scale that Apple does. Other times, it's a mistake/bug/oversight.

But the idea that something as major as the glass look and feel wasn't authorised at the very top and mandated to all the teams down the pyramid is just naive, at least if you have ever worked at Apple.

It is though, responsibility goes up to the CEO, and I don't think he was ever accused of having any taste. It was a long time coming but it has come to fruition. Apple today has no taste, no restraint. They're not far behind MS jamming ads & AI places they shouldn't be.