Kustomize is easier to manage at scale, but some upfront effort is required. Many charts are distributed as Helm packages, so you’ll often need to export them as raw YAML manifests. In an ideal setup, ArgoCD combined with Kustomize should cover most deployment needs. However, depending on your workflow, you may eventually need a way to dynamically replace variables. If the built-in tools in recent Kustomize versions aren’t sufficient, consider using envsubst as a fallback.

ArgoCD for relatively simple stuff.

For complex stuff I write Python or Go programs to build manifests, then shell out to kubectl apply. An old example - deploying a multi-instance modded Arma 3 server on k3s: https://github.com/dharmab/homelab-k3s/tree/main/lab

I've been working on improving a tool called kr8+, which uses jsonnet to combine cluster config and apply it to components: https://github.com/ice-bergtech/kr8

What exactly are you doing with Helm that's making it so painful to use, and what does your development workflow look like? I've certainly had my fair share of issues with Helm, especially when trying to get a bit too fancy with creating Helm libraries, and standardised charts. I've also found that trying to aggregate multiple charts into a single chart for deploying an environment can also become a nightmare to manage.

I'm currently looking at Helmfile so that I don't need to aggregate charts into a 'parent chart', and i'd also like to move towards a single standardised chart that all microservices can use, rather than spin up a new chart for each service.

if you only work with your own stuff, helm is easily (and best) avoided.

i like generating k8s yaml with cue, example: https://github.com/cue-labs/cue-by-example/tree/main/003_kub...

there's also https://timoni.sh/ if you want a helm-like experience, but with cue instead of templating.

If you're working with upstream projects, unfortunately many of them will only provide helm charts, so you got to decide between rewriting them to suit your env/tool, or just live with the crappiness of helm.

Recently I have been writing more stings in jsonnet. If I were with more haskell-friendly team, might even try dhall. In general, I feel like writing the yaml in something else than yaml is the way to go, and as long as you get imports and way to do templating that is not just string interpolation, you are good.

I prefer ytt for templating and kapp for deployments.

https://github.com/carvel-dev/carvel

IMHO at scale (both in terms of complexity and org level) having something consistent helps more than trying to fight the de-facto standard. Since most upstream projects are mainly distributed as Helm charts, going with anything else will require more effort eventually.

Holos.run for my homelab cluster. Cuelang has a learning curve but works well with argo unlike Timoni and let's you import existing charts, bare manifests, and use kustomize. Let's me abstract config with custom types and unification/(inheritance if that is easier to think about but a bit wrong)

I use Pulumi native package for Kubernetes, no more YAML, only instances of Typescript classes.

We are using kustomize to create the yaml and argocd for deployment. All via ci and git-ops.

works really well

Yeah the whole 'git repo = helm chart' just does not feel great at all. As we all know, the only thing worse is not using helm and having to deal with writing all those service, pv, pvc, ingress yaml files individually :)

https://github.com/apple/pkl-k8s

Helmsman works great:

https://github.com/mkubaczyk/helmsman

I built my own tooling around templated manifest files (jinja2) and management via ansible playbooks (templated).

My recommendation is fluxcd for a great gitops based workflow (incorporates soap for secrets)

+1 for Kustomize

ArgoCD