UNIX: A History and a Memoir by Brian Kernighan.

Brian wrote The C Programming Language (the book), along with many other great books. He worked at Bell Labs during the time of Unix and it's a casual, whimsical telling of some of the history there.

MANIAC & Turing's Cathedral

John Ousterhout's "A Philosophy of Software Design" I liked. It was supposed to be assigned reading for Berkeley's data structures class CS61B, and I don't think I really internalized the lessons within, but after re-reading it recently, I appreciated it a lot more and found the material transcends how to write code but also how to architect things as well.

TAoCP is worth trying to read.

What the Dormouse Said: How the Sixties Counterculture Shaped the Personal Computer Industry / John Markoff

Don't know who you mean by "everyone," but the only two mentioned so far suitable for a broad audience are The Soul of a New Machine and The Cuckoo's Nest.

The Cuckoo's Egg (Clifford Stoll, 1989)

The Dragon Book: Principles of Compiler Design (Alfred V. Aho, and Jeffrey D. Ullman, 1986)

Soul of a New Machine (Tracy Kidder, 1981) the experience building the DG 32 bit mini.

Where Wizards Stay Up Late: The Origins of the Internet, (Katie Hafner, 1998)

A Quarter Century of UNIX, (Peter Salus, 1994)

The Phoenix Project.

Gödel, Escher, Bach, an Eternal Golden Braid (Douglas Hofstadter, 1979)